Publish | Quick ref | Author | Year | Title | Type | Domain tags | Location tags | Topic tags | Publication details | # Volume | # Issue | Page numbers | Link | Abstract | Saved as | Citation | ID | 📝 Notes from this source | Last edited time |
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Aalbers, Manuel B. | 2004 | Creative Destruction through the Anglo-American Hegemony: A Non-Anglo-American View on Publications, Referees and Language | Article | Area | 36 | 3 | 319-322 | 11838 | Dec 10, 2024 3:27 PM | ||||||||||
Aalbers, Manuel B. and Rossi, Ugo | 2007 | A coming community: young geographers coping with multi-tier spaces of academic publishing across Europe | Article | Social & Cultural Geography | 8 | 2 | 382-302 | Little is still known about the publishing practices of scholars based outside the leading Anglophone countries. More generally, little is known about the contemporary machineries of writing spaces within human geography and the other social sciences. In responding to a recent editorial by Ron Johnston, this paper seeks to start filling this void by providing the results of a research project investigating the multi-language publishing practices pursued by a selected sample of young European human geographers. The research findings throw light on multi-tier publishing spaces in European human geography today. The paper concludes by outlining a critique of the homo publicans emerging from rationalist accounts of academic publishing. In particular, by embracing a critical perspective informed by the attempt to build a ‘social geography of scientific knowledge production’, the paper argues that publication strategies and practices do not only follow the direct paths of maximization of publication records, but can follow the more complex and differentiated paths of multi-level and heterarchical academic spaces and networks. | 11839 | Dec 10, 2024 2:53 PM | |||||||||
Abdulagatov, Zaid Magomedovich | 2012 | O vliyanii religioznogo faktora na ekstremistskoye povedeniye dagestanskoy molodezhi [On the influence of the religious factor on the extremist behaviour of Dagestani youth] | Article | Sotsiologicheskiye issledovaniya [Sociological Research] | 1 | 106-113 | http://www.isras.ru/files/File/Socis/2012_1/Abdulagatov.pdf | На основе данных социологических опросов в Дагестане в 1996 - 2010 гг. сделана попытка выявить роль религиозного фактора в экстремистских действиях молодежи региона. | 10474 | Oct 3, 2025 10:42 AM | |||||||||
Abdullaev, Nabi | 2007 | Unravelling Chechen “Black Widows” | Article | Homeland Defense Journal | 5 | 5 | 18-21 | Female suicide bombers, called "Black Widows" by sensationalist journalists, became the Chechen rebels' weapon of choice after the October 2002 hostage-taking raid on a Moscow theater. Nineteen of 41 attackers in that raid were masked women carrying belts with explosives. In the second Chechen war with the Russian military, the operational initiative in the Chechen resistance was hijacked by Arab Islamic jihadists, who imported effective terrorist tactics from other jihad fronts. The use of female suicide bombers was one such tactic. The little evidence available on the recruitment of women suicide bombers in the Chechen cause suggests that religion is used as the inspirational, motivational, and legitimizing dynamic for the recruitment. Women are strategically appealing as suicide bombers, because the passion of their sacrifice is magnified by their willingness to sacrifice women's supposed traditional opposition to violence and killing. At the same time, they are considered more expendable than men, who are viewed as more valuable in combat that requires particular skills and training. In some cases, Russian Federal troops resorted to the tactics used by Israel in countering suicide bombings. They demolished the houses of the families of the suicide bombers. Moscow also promoted the development of loyal Chechen statehood and helped the Republic to establish police control over the Republic's territory. This effort, which brutally suppressed any separatist and jihadist sentiments within Chechen social groups, has not allowed the glorification of suicide bombing to develop into an inspirational motivation for new suicide bombers. | 10272 | Oct 3, 2025 10:42 AM | |||||||||
Abrahms, Max | 2006 | Why Terrorism Does Not Work | Article | International Security | 31 | 2 | 42-78 | This is the first article to analyze a large sample of terrorist groups in terms of their policy effectiveness. It includes every foreign terrorist organization (FTO) designated by the U.S. Department of State since 2001. The key variable for FTO success is a tactical one: target selection. Terrorist groups whose attacks on civilian targets outnumber attacks on military targets do not tend to achieve their policy objectives, regardless of their nature. Contrary to the prevailing view that terrorism is an effective means of political coercion, the universe of cases suggests that, first, contemporary terrorist groups rarely achieve their policy objectives and, second, the poor success rate is inherent to the tactic of terrorism itself. The bulk of the article develops a theory for why countries are reluctant to make policy concessions when their civilian populations are the primary target. | 10950 | Nov 30, 2024 6:22 PM | |||||||||
Abrahms, Max | 2008 | What Terrorists Really Want: Terrorist Motives and Counterterrorism Strategy | Article | International Security | 32 | 4 | 78-105 | What do terrorists want? No question is more fundamental for devising an effective counterterrorism strategy. The international community cannot expect to make terrorism unprofitable and thus scarce without knowing the incentive structure of its practitioners. The strategic model-the dominant paradigm in terrorism studies-posits that terrorists are political utility maximizers. According to this view, individuals resort to terrorism when the expected political gains minus the expected costs outweigh the net expected benefits of alternative forms of protest. The strategic model has widespread currency in the policy community; extant counterterrorism strategies seek to defeat terrorism by reducing its political utility. The most common strategies are to fight terrorism by decreasing its political benefits via a strict no concessions policy; decreasing its prospective political benefits via appeasement; or decreasing its political benefits relative to nonviolence via democracy promotion. Despite its policy relevance, the strategic model has not been tested. This is the first study to comprehensively assess its empirical validity. The actual record of terrorist behavior does not conform to the strategic model's premise that terrorists are rational actors primarily motivated to achieving political ends. The preponderance of empirical and theoretical evidence is that terrorists are rational people who use terrorism primarily to develop strong affective ties with fellow terrorists. Major revisions in both the dominant paradigm in terrorism studies and the policy community's basic approach to fighting terrorism are consequently in order. | 10949 | Nov 30, 2024 6:22 PM | |||||||||
Abrahms, Max | 2012 | The political effectiveness of terrorism revisited | Article | Comparative Political Studies | 45 | 3 | 366-393 | Terrorists attack civilians to coerce their governments into making political concessions. Does this strategy work? To empirically assess the effectiveness of terrorism, the author exploits variation in the target selection of 125 violent substate campaigns. The results show that terrorist campaigns against civilian targets are significantly less effective than guerrilla campaigns against military targets at inducing government concessions. The negative political effect of terrorism is evident across logit model specifications after carefully controlling for tactical confounds. Drawing on political psychology, the author concludes with a theory to account for why governments resist compliance when their civilians are targeted. | 10026 | Nov 30, 2024 6:22 PM | |||||||||
Abrahms, Max | 2018 | Rules for Rebels: The Science of Victory in Militant History | Book | Oxford: Oxford University Press | 10948 | Dec 10, 2024 3:56 PM | |||||||||||||
Abrahms, Max and Gottfried, Matthew S. | 2016 | Does terrorism pay? An empirical analysis | Article | Terrorism and Political Violence | 28 | 1 | 72-89 | Does terrorism help perpetrators to achieve their demands? Few research questions about terrorism generate as much controversy. This study contributes to the debate in two main ways. First, we identify major limitations within the burgeoning literature on the effectiveness of terrorism. Specifically, we highlight the main methodological problems vexing empirical assessments of whether terrorism promotes government concessions. Second, we present a research design that circumvents those recurrent methodological shortcomings. In short, we find no empirical evidence to suggest that terrorism pays. In fact, multiple variants of the tactic in hostage standoffs impede the perpetrators from coercing government compliance. The negative effect of terrorism on the odds of compliance is significant and substantial across logistic and multilevel logistic model specifications, particularly when civilians are killed or wounded in the coercive incident. These findings have important implications for both scholars and practitioners of counterterrorism. | 10953 | Nov 30, 2024 6:22 PM | |||||||||
Abrahms, Max and Mierau, Jochen | 2015 | ‘Leadership Matters: The Effects of Targeted Killings on Militant Group Tactics,’ Terrorism and Political Violence, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09546553.2015.1069671 | 11478 | Dec 10, 2024 3:18 PM | |||||||||||||||
Abrahms, M. and Potter, P.B.K. | 2015 | “Explaining terrorism: leadership deficits and militant group tactics”, International Organization, Vol. 69 No. 2, pp. 311-342, doi: 10.1017/S0020818314000411. | 11479 | Dec 10, 2024 3:18 PM | |||||||||||||||
Abrahms, Max, Beauchamp, Nicholas and Mroszczyk, Joseph | 2017 | What Terrorist Leaders Want: A Content Analysis of Terrorist Propaganda Videos | Article | Studies in Conflict & Terrorism | 40 | 11 | 899-916 | In recent years, a growing body of empirical research suggests that indiscriminate violence against civilian targets tends to carry substantial political risks compared to more selective violence against military targets. To better understand why terrorist groups sometimes attack politically suboptimal targets, scholars are increasingly adopting a principal-agent framework where the leaders of terrorist groups are understood as principals and lower level members as agents. According to this framework, terrorist leaders are thought to behave as essentially rational political actors, whereas lower level members are believed to harbor stronger non-political incentives for harming civilians, often in defiance of leadership preferences. We test this proposition with an original content analysis of terrorist propaganda videos. Consistent with the principal–agent framework, our analysis demonstrates statistically that terrorist leaders tend to favor significantly less indiscriminate violence than their operatives actually commit, providing unprecedented insight into the incentive structure of terrorist leaders relative to the rank-and-file. | 10028 | Nov 30, 2024 6:22 PM | |||||||||
Abrams, Neil Andrew | 2014 | Political Thugs: Criminal Corporate Raiding and Property Rights in Early-Capitalist Eastern Europe | Grey literature | UC Berkeley Dissertation | Based on evidence from Estonia, Poland, Slovakia, and Ukraine, this dissertation explains variations across post-communist countries in the frequency of criminal corporate raiding and the effectiveness of property-rights institutions. A criminal corporate raid is the takeover of a private business through the use of force, whether by means of direct violence or the help of the state. I examine raiding among two segments of the business elite: the plutocratic stratum, consisting of the twenty richest individuals, and the non-plutocratic elite, which refers to relatively less wealthy businesspeople along with state officials engaged in private business. Ukraine and Slovakia display extensive raiding among both the plutocratic and non-plutocratic elites. In Poland, raiding is just as pervasive within the non-plutocratic elite but rarer among the plutocrats. Estonia exhibits little raiding among both elite groups. The high incidence of raiding in Ukraine, Slovakia, and Poland means that property-rights institutions are by definition not doing their job. Only Estonia managed to develop a set of robust property-rights institutions, a fact supported by dozens of interviews with state officials. These findings fundamentally contradict much of the literature, which regards Slovakia and especially Poland as among the post-communist leaders in developing sound, market-supporting institutions. Instead, this investigation uncovered shocking and systematic abuses of property rights in both countries of a kind typically seen as restricted to places like Russia and Ukraine. The reasons behind these variant outcomes boil down to one key factor: the extent to which early post-communist governments imposed hard budget constraints on business actors. Budget constraints are said to be hard when firms cannot access artificial external support in the conduct of their business. They are soft when firms receive external assistance not justified by economic rationality. In Poland, Slovakia, and Ukraine, governments did not go far enough in reining in soft budget constraints; emerging business actors benefited from a proliferation of direct transfers from the state budget, illicitly subsidized privatizations, overpriced state contracts, cronyist financing from banks, advantageous price controls, and one-sided transactions with state enterprises. Soft budget constraints ended up enriching and empowering a class of political thugs whose comparative advantage lay solely in their political connections, not their capacity for productive economic activity. Having accumulated their initial fortunes by stealing state assets, it was a natural and logical step to begin stealing them from others in the form of raiding. Poland differed from Slovakia and Ukraine to the extent that its biggest state enterprises were largely sold at market prices. This accounts for the lower proportion of political thugs among its plutocratic elite and, in turn, the lesser incidence of raiding in this stratum. Beyond that, however, soft budget constraints were widely available there. This explains why the non-plutocratic elite in Poland is filled with political thugs. Estonia avoided these outcomes thanks to the swift and radical imposition of hard budget constraints in the early 1990s. This cleared away potential opponents to the establishment of effective property rights institutions. The current fashion in much of social science is to look at how institutions shape actors. This mode of inquiry is obviously important and useful. But it has led specialists to give what may very well be mistaken advice to policymakers: change the rules, and the actors will behave in ways better suited to a functioning market economy. The evidence uncovered here suggests that attempts to build market-supporting institutions, however well-intentioned, will likely fail if powerful economic criminals have a large presence. If the goal is to construct well-functioning state and market institutions, we would be well-served by examining not only how institutions affect actors but also the ways actors shape institutions. This study does both. It first shows how hard budget constraints - which consist of certain key policies and institutions - can help sideline economic predators. It then goes one step further, examining how the presence or absence of powerful groups of economic criminals determines the prospects that effective property rights institutions can emerge. Theories of institutional origination generally fail to identify the precise ways that governments can undercut the power of criminal business actors opposed to the status quo. This study not only corrects for these shortcomings but provides a clear lesson to policymakers in early-capitalist countries who are interested in building property rights institutions; by hardening budget constraints, reformers can fatally undermine the political thugs acting as a constraint on institutional development. If specialists disagree on whether policies or institutions are more important in creating market economies, hard budget constraints involve some of both. But they hardly encompass all of both. What they do offer resource-constrained policymakers is greater bang for their buck; by weakening corrupt actors committed to the status-quo, hard budget constraints can open the way for the construction of a much broader array of market-supporting institutions. | May 13, 2025 4:37 PM | |||||||||||||
Abubakarov, Taymaz | 1998 | Rezhim Dzhokhara Dudayeva: Pravda i vymysel [The regime of Dzhokhar Dudayev: Truth and Fiction] | Book | Moscow: INSAN | В книге на основе фактов показано как происходило становление и развитие режима Джохара Дудаева, дана характеристика важнейших сторон его внутренней и внешней политики, особенно в области экономики и финансов. Сделана попытка дать объективный анализ, уйти от упрощенного подхода к оценке дудаевского правления.Предназначена для политологов, экономистов, социологов и широкого круга лиц, интересующихся перипетиями современной политики. | 10082 | Oct 3, 2025 10:42 AM | ||||||||||||
Researching Militant Groups in Southeast Asia | Conducting Terrorism Field Research, | Sep 15, 2024 4:42 PM | |||||||||||||||||
ACAT France | 2013 | The Multiple Faces of Torture: A Study of the Phenomenon of Torture in Russia | Grey literature | http://www.acatfrance.fr/public/acat_russia_en.pdf | 10517 | Oct 3, 2025 10:36 AM | |||||||||||||
Acey, Philip | 2013 | Winning Hearts and Minds: Population-Centric Counterinsurgency in the North Caucasus Federal District | Grey literature | Master's Thesis: University of Tampere | https://trepo.tuni.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/84633/gradu06767.pdf | In International Relations, war and security comprise a large role because it generally affects multiple countries. The insurgency in the North Caucasus Federal District is not only a threat to stability in the region or the Russian Federation, but to international peace and security as a whole. The Caucasus Emirate terrorist organization has declared jihad against the Russian government and any country or individual which they consider wages war against “Muslims”. Since the fall of the Soviet Union, the Russian government has implemented an enemy-centric strategy to neutralize insurgent numbers without addressing the root causes of instability in the region such as weak governance, corruption, lack of identity, economic stagnation, and military abuses. In 2010, the Russian government created the North Caucasus Federal District and unveiled a new strategy to counteract the root causes of instability in the region. This thesis analyzes to what extent the Russian government is implementing a population-centric counterinsurgency strategy to bring stability to the North Caucasus Federal District since the new strategy took effect to the end of the year 2012. Population-centric counterinsurgency is a strategy implemented by a government to win the “hearts and minds”, meaning the support of the target population to create an environment of support for the counterinsurgent, whereby support for an insurgency decreases and long-term stability is achieved through nation-building, encompassing the strengthening and maintenance of all forms of national power: the political, informational, military, and economic elements. In this thesis it is framed into three Logical Lines of Operation (LLOs): governance, economic development/essential services, and combat/civil security operations based upon the United States Army Counterinsurgency Field Manual No. 3-24. I also address the Russian government’s information campaign to enable stability since psychological warfare comprises a large part of population- centric counterinsurgency. Using ethnography as my method, I travelled to the North Caucasus Federal District for three weeks in the North Caucasus Federal District to observe the implementation of the government’s strategy under the framework of the three LLOs plus information campaign as well as conduct interviews with six Russian citizens: five in the North Caucasus Federal District and one from outside the region, regarding their thoughts on what the government’s strategy in the region. I have also read over 350 articles, news and government reports on the conflict and government’s strategy, some of which I use in this thesis to support or question my findings. One can conclude from this thesis that the Russian government, although still suffering to reform, is making considerable effort to solve the instability in the North Caucasus Federal District through economic development and a country-wide information campaign while still largely failing to gain the trust of the regional population due to gross levels of corruption, a closed political process for the people to decide their future, and continual abuses by military and security personnel who are still determined to solve the instability through violence. I have concluded that the Russian government implements a population-centric counterinsurgency strategy in terms of its information campaign and economic development, fails in terms of governance and drastically fails in combat/civil security operations | 10518 | Oct 3, 2025 10:42 AM | |||||||||||
Acharya, Amitav | 2004 | ‘How Ideas Spread: Whose Norms Matter? Norm Localization and Institutional Change in Asian Regionalism,’ International Organization, 58:2, pp. 239-275. | 11260 | Dec 10, 2024 3:11 PM | |||||||||||||||
Acharya, Amitav | 2016 | Advancing Global IR: Challenges, Contentions, and Contributions | Article | International Studies Review | This Presidential Issue, with contributions by scholars from Asia, Australia, the Middle East, South America, Africa, Europe, and the United States, illustrates how the idea of Global international relations (IR) could serve as a framework for both scholarly debate and empirical research and analysis. This issue is divided into two main parts. The first part contains nine feature articles that illustrate the multiple dimensions of a Global IR research agenda, overall demonstrating how bringing in non-Western ideas and agency broadens the horizons of existing IR knowledge. The topics covered here include Chinese conceptions of “relationality;” colonial interactions in the Indian Ocean to diffuse Westphalian sovereignty through processes of localization, comparing regionalisms, and norm dynamics in Asia and Europe; and the contribution of intercivilizational dialogues in bridging the West-Rest divide. Together, these articles challenge dominant understandings of these issues in current IR theory and highlight the place and agency of non-Western societies in the global order. The second part of the Presidential Issue, the Forum Section, contains ten short contributions that were drawn from two Presidential Theme Panels at the ISA 2015 Convention in New Orleans. These Forum essays not only highlight the obstacles facing the realization of Global IR, including some traditionalist objections to the whole idea, but also offer some pathways to overcome them. Overall, the Presidential Issue suggests that a Global IR is both possible and desirable. | 11840 | Dec 10, 2024 2:53 PM | ||||||||||||
Ackerman, G.A. and Burnham, M. | 2021 | Towards a definition of terrorist ideology | Article | Terrorism and Political Violence | 10956 | Dec 10, 2024 3:11 PM | |||||||||||||
Speaking Truth to Sources: Introducing a Method for the Quantitative Evaluation of Open Sources in Event Data | Sep 15, 2024 4:43 PM | ||||||||||||||||||
Acosta, Benjamin | 2014 | Live to Win Another Day: Why Many Militant Organizations Survive Yet Few Succeed | Article | Studies in Conflict & Terrorism | 37 | 2 | 135-161 | Militant organizations pursue two common aims: to survive and to achieve the goals that define their raison d’être. Yet, elements that sustain the life spans of militant organizations are not necessarily the same components that advance the accomplishment of their core, or “outcome,” goals. Further, some organizational practices, such as the use of suicide attacks, generate a tradeoff that bolsters survivability while detracting from the effective pursuit of outcome goals. This study demonstrates that three operating conditions explain variation in the duration and achievement of contemporary militant organizations: receptiveness to tradeoffs, levels of external support, and the nature of adversaries. As such, the unique effects of different operating conditions reveal why many militant organizations survive for long periods of time but only a few achieve the goals that justify their existence. | 10031 | Nov 30, 2024 6:22 PM | |||||||||
Acosta, Benjamin and Rogers, Melissa Ziegler | 2020 | When militant organizations lose militarily but win politically | Article | Cooperation and Conflict | 55 | 3 | 365-387 | 10032 | Nov 30, 2024 6:22 PM | ||||||||||
The Three Traditions and Revisionism | Sep 15, 2024 4:43 PM | ||||||||||||||||||
Adamsky, Dima | 2010 | The Culture of Military Innovation: The Impact of Cultural Factors on the Revolution in Military Affairs in Russia, the US, and Israel | Book | Stanford, California: Stanford University Press | Apr 2, 2025 1:24 PM | ||||||||||||||
Adamson, Fiona | 2005 | , “Global liberalism versus political Islam: competing ideological frameworks in international politics,” International Studies Review, 7:4, pp547-569. | 11261 | Dec 10, 2024 3:11 PM | |||||||||||||||
Agathangelou, Anna M. and Ling, L.H.M. | 2004 | The House of IR: From Family Power Politics to the Poisies of Worldism | Article | International Studies Review | 6 | 4 | 21-49 | 11841 | Dec 10, 2024 2:53 PM | ||||||||||
Agbeko, Ebenezer | 2014 | Understanding the Structural Dynamics of the Russo-Chechen Conflict: A (Hi)Story of an Intractable Conflict and the prospects for Political Settlement | Article | Journal of Global Peace and Conflict | 2 | 2 | 41-58 | https://scispace.com/pdf/understanding-the-structural-dynamics-of-the-russo-chechen-4y2ksazprd.pdf | This article examines the undercurrent historical causes of the conflict between Russia and Chechnya, and the contemporary developments that have deepened this fractured relationship and put the conflicting parties far apart from dialogue and amicable political settlement. The article analyzes the economic and geo strategic factors that arguably make Chechnya attractive for Russia, and for which the latter is bent on sacrificing everything including blood and resources to maintain the Chechnya republic in the metropolitan state, the Russian Federation. The article also assesses the tactics and modus operandi of the Chechen rebel movements that has culminated in their being characterized by Russia as lawless, barbaric and terrorists, as well as the overall impact of the Global war on Terror (GWOT) on the nationalist independence movement. Finally, the article explores political solutions and outlines recommendations for addressing the Russo-Chechen conflict to achieve a durable resolution that is acceptable to both parties. | 10561 | Oct 3, 2025 10:42 AM | ||||||||
Agnew, John | 1987 | Place and Politics: The Geographical Mediation of State and Society, London: Allen and Unwin. | 11262 | Dec 10, 2024 3:11 PM | |||||||||||||||
Ahmad, Aisha | 2017 | Jihad & Co.: Black Markets and Islamist Power | Book | Oxford: Oxford University Press | 10864 | Dec 10, 2024 3:56 PM | |||||||||||||
Aitkulova, Meerim | 2017 | ‘Understanding the Threat of the Islamic State in Contemporary Kyrgyzstan,’ in James R. Lewis (ed.) The Cambridge Companion to Religion and Terrorism, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 203-215 | 11214 | Nov 30, 2024 6:18 PM | |||||||||||||||
Akaev, Vahit | 1999 | Sufizm i Wakhkhabizm na Severnom Kavkaze [Sufism and Wahhabism in the North Caucasus] | Book | Moscow: Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology | 127 | 10088 | Oct 3, 2025 10:42 AM | ||||||||||||
Akaev, Vahit | 2005 | Religious-Political Conflict in the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria | Book | Stockholm: CA & CC Press. | 10204 | Oct 3, 2025 10:42 AM | |||||||||||||
Akaev, Vahit | 2010 | Islam and Politics in Chechniia and Ingushetia | Book chapter | In Galina Yemelianova (ed.), Radical Islam in the Former Soviet Union. London: Routledge | 62-81 | 10393 | Oct 3, 2025 10:42 AM | ||||||||||||
Akaev, Vahit | 2011 | Sufiyskaya kultura na Severnom Kavkaze: Teoreticheskiye i prakticheskiye aspekty [Sufi culture in the North Caucasus: Theoretical and practical aspects] | Book | Groznyy: The Scientific Research Institute of the Humanitarian Sciences of the Chechen Republic | 10437 | Oct 3, 2025 10:42 AM | |||||||||||||
Akaev, Vahit | 2011 | Istoriya i spetsifika sovremennogo islamskogo vozrozhdeniya v Chechenskoy Respublike [The history and characteristics of the modern Islamic rebirth in the Chechen republic] | Article | Tsentralnaya Aziya i Kavkaz [Central Asia and the Caucasus] | 14 | 3 | 104-119 | 10438 | Oct 3, 2025 10:38 AM | ||||||||||
Akbarzadeh, Shahram, William Gourlay and Anoushiravan Ehteshami | 2023 | Iranian proxies in the Syrian conflict: Tehran’s ‘forward-defence’ in action | Article | Journal of Strategic Studies | 46 | 4 | 683-706 | https://doi.org/10.1080/01402390.2021.2023014 | This article examines Iran’s ‘forward-defence’ strategy, in particular its deployment of proxy forces in the Syrian conflict. Iran’s expanded presence in regional conflicts is regarded by its adversaries as indication of hegemonic intent, while Tehran posits its regional posture as a defensive response to security threats. We argue that Iran’s ‘forward-defence’ strategy offers practical benefits, shaping strategic realities, and performative benefits, allowing Tehran to propagate a discourse of military fortitude. On balance, however, the strategy has fed suspicions of Iran’s intentions and increased hostility towards the Iranian leadership, thus is likely to be counterproductive. | 11711 | Dec 3, 2024 4:09 PM | ||||||||
Akhgar, Babak, Bayerl, P. Saskia and Sampson, Fraser | 2016 | Open Source Intelligence Investigation: From Strategy to Implementation | Book | Springer Cham | Open Source Intelligence Investigation: From Strategy to Implementation | 11701 | Dec 10, 2024 3:56 PM | ||||||||||||
Akhmadov, Ilyas and Nicholas Daniloff | 2013 | Chechnya's Secret Wartime Diplomacy: Aslan Maskhadov and the Quest for a Peaceful Resolution | Book | New York: Palgrave Macmillan | 10519 | Oct 3, 2025 10:39 AM | |||||||||||||
Akhmadov, Ilyas and Miriam Lanskoy | 2010 | The Chechen Struggle: Independence Won and Lost | Book | New York: Palgrave Macmillan | 10394 | Oct 3, 2025 10:42 AM | |||||||||||||
Akhmedova, Khapta and Anne Speckhard | 2008 | Black Widows and Beyond: Understanding the Motivations and Life Trajectories of Chechen Female Terrorists | Book chapter | In Cindy D. Ness (ed.), Female Terrorism and Militancy: Agency, Utility and Organization. London: Routledge | 64-80 | 10312 | Oct 3, 2025 10:40 AM | ||||||||||||
Akkiyeva, Svetlana | 2009 | Islam v Kabardino-Balkarii [Islam in Kabardino-Balkaria] | Book | Moscow: Logos | 10359 | Oct 3, 2025 10:42 AM | |||||||||||||
Akkiyeva, Svetlana | 2013 | Zhenshchiny Severnogo Kavkaza v izmenyayushchikhsya usloviyakh [Women of the North Caucasus in changing circumstances] | Article | Rossiya i musulmanskiy mir [Russia and the Muslim world] | 8 | 46-52 | 10520 | Oct 3, 2025 10:42 AM | |||||||||||
Akkiyeva, Svetlana | 2014 | Islamskiye uchebnyye zavedeniya i musulmanskoye obrazovaniye na Severnom Kavkaze: Sostoyaniye i perspektivy [Islamic religious institutions and Muslim education in the North Caucasus: Status and perspectives] | Book chapter | In C.I. Almazova, L.M. Akhunov, R.I. Bekking, D.V. Brilev. and R.R. Khayrutdinov (eds.), Islam v multikulturnom mire [Islam in a multicultural world]. Kazan: Kazan University | 330-342 | 10562 | Oct 3, 2025 10:42 AM | ||||||||||||
Aksyumov, Boris | 2012 | Ideologicheskiye osnovy religiozno-politicheskogo ekstremizma i terrorizma na Severnom Kavkaze [Ideological foundations of religious-political extremism and terrorism in the North Caucasus] | Article | Nauchnaya mysl Kavkaza [Scientific thought of the Caucasus] | 1 | 30-34 | 10475 | Oct 3, 2025 10:43 AM | |||||||||||
Aksyumov, Boris and Denis Lavrinenko | 2013 | Etnopoliticheskiye problemy kak predposylka ekstremizma na Severnom Kavkaze [Ethnopolitical problems as a factor in extremism in the North Caucasus] | Article | Rossiya i musulmanskiy mir [Russia and the Muslim world] | 3 | 50-58 | 10521 | Oct 3, 2025 10:41 AM | |||||||||||
Al-Rasheed, Madawi | 2008 | , “The Local and the Global in Saudi Salafism,” ISIM Review, 21. | 11263 | Dec 10, 2024 3:11 PM | |||||||||||||||
Rituals of Life and Death | Sep 16, 2024 2:25 PM | ||||||||||||||||||
Al-Rasheed, Madawi | 2009 | , “The Local and the Global in Saudi Salafi-Jihadi Discourse,” in Roel Meijer, (ed., Global Salafism: Islam’s New Religious Movement (London: Hurst & Company, 2009, 244-266. | 11264 | Dec 10, 2024 3:11 PM | |||||||||||||||
Al-Rasheed, Madawi and Shterin, Marat | 2009 | Dying for Faith: Religiously Motivated Violence in the Contemporary World, London: I.B. Tauris. | 11265 | Dec 10, 2024 3:11 PM | |||||||||||||||
Al-Shishani, Murad Batal | 2004 | The Killing Of Abu Al-Walid And The Russian Policy In Chechnya | Grey literature | Central Asia-Caucasus Institute Analyst | 10178 | Oct 3, 2025 10:43 AM | |||||||||||||
Al-Shishani, Murad Batal | 2011 | The Rise and Fall of Arab Fighters in Chechnya | Book chapter | In Glen E. Howard (ed). Volatile Borderland: Russia and the North Caucasus. Washington, D.C.: The Jamestown Foundation | 10439 | Dec 10, 2024 3:34 PM | |||||||||||||
Al-Shishani, Murad Batal | 2014 | From Chechen Mafia to the Islamic Emirate of the Caucasus: The Changing Faces of the Insurgency-Organized Crime Nexus | Book chapter | In Svante Cornell and Michael Jonsson (eds.), Conflict, Crime, and the State in Postcommunist Eurasia. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press | 82-102 | 10563 | Oct 3, 2025 10:41 AM | ||||||||||||
Al-Ubaydi, Muhammad | 2015 | Khattab | Grey literature | Jihadi Bios Project, Combating Terrorism Center | https://www.ctc.usma.edu/v2/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/CTC_Khattab-Jihadi-Bio-February2015-3.pdf | 10609 | Oct 3, 2025 10:43 AM | ||||||||||||
Alatas, Syed Farid | 2003 | Academic dependency and the global division of labour in the social sciences | Article | Current Sociology | 51 | 6 | 599-613 | 11842 | Dec 10, 2024 2:53 PM | ||||||||||
Albasoos, Hani and Al Maashani, Musallam | 2020 | The private military and security contractors in armed conflicts under international humanitarian law:Case study of Russian PMSCs | Article | International Journal of Research in Business & Social Science | 9 | 3 | 149-156 | The participation of private and military contractors in armed conflicts is the contemporary phenomenon that concerned policymakers and military strategists, particularly Russian contractors. This phenomenon attracts most politicians to set up initiatives and to draw international guidelines to all concerned parties. The purpose of this research paper is to investigate the condition of Russian private military and security companies (PMSCs) in recent armed conflicts. The research is based on the realism approach, which will help explain Russian state behavior towards PMSCs, while the neoliberalism approach will help to explore this phenomenon from the Russian economic perspective. This research applies inductive, exploratory, and qualitative approaches, which solely based on secondary resources and media contents. The main finding of this research shows that those contractors have obligations under International Humanitarian Law (IHL), but the only limitation is the state’s obligation to endorse them. Besides, it seems that an international treaty between countries could be a practical step towards having a useful regulatory framework. | 11030 | Dec 3, 2024 4:08 PM | |||||||||
Foreign Policy Analysis | Sep 16, 2024 2:27 PM | ||||||||||||||||||
Alexandra, Andrew | 2012 | Private Military and Security Companies and the Liberal Conception of Violence | Article | Criminal Justice Ethics | 31 | 3 | 158-174 | The institution of war is the broad framework of rules, norms, and organizations dedicated to the prevention, prosecution, and resolution of violent conflict between political entities. Important parts of that institution consist of the accountability arrangements that hold between armed forces, the political leaders who oversee and direct the use of those forces, and the people in whose name the leaders act and from whose ranks the members of the armed forces are drawn. Like other parts of the institution, these arrangements are responsive to changes in military technology and needs, to geopolitical facts, and to moral and political norms. In particular, they are sensitive to the forms that military organization takes. Since the emergence of modern states in Europe some 500 years ago, there have been three main such forms: private providers—in the form of mercenaries, in early modern Europe—then professional standing armies, which in turn developed into citizen armies. Although elements of the three organizations have coexisted in many armies, the citizen army model has dominated until recently. That model brought with it a particular conception of the accountability relations between the army, the state, and the people. The state had authority over and directed the army, which was accountable to it. In turn the state was accountable for its use of the army to the people, on whose behalf it acted. The dominance of state authority over the military is now under strain, with the professional and private elements—in the form of private military and security companies (PMSCs)—having increasing importance. As those elements increase in power and presence, so it becomes more difficult to make the state accountable to the people for its use of the military, and more difficult for the people to act as a restraining force on the way in which the military used. In this essay, I outline and assess these developments—with particular emphasis on the emergence of PMSCs—in the light of a liberal view of (political) violence. The essay focuses on the situation in the United States, which possesses by far the most important military force in the world today, and in which the use of PMSCs is most developed. The paper has three main sections and a brief conclusion: the first section sketches the liberal view of violence and its implications for organizations dedicated to its use; the second outlines the salient characteristics of the three historically dominant forms of armies; and the third looks at the current situation in which the three forms coexist uneasily. | 11020 | Dec 3, 2024 4:05 PM | |||||||||
All Eyes on Wagner | 2022 | One year of Wagner in Mali | Grey literature | https://alleyesonwagner.org/2022/11/20/one-year-of-wagner-in-mali/ | 11763 | Dec 3, 2024 4:09 PM | |||||||||||||
All Eyes on Wagner | 2022 | CAR: Prigozhin's Blood Diamonds | Grey literature | https://drive.google.com/file/d/1RyxkBKTP7BEVEtoQ3LV0jzxzJFrelHbJ/view | 11797 | Dec 3, 2024 4:09 PM | |||||||||||||
All Eyes on Wagner | 2023 | Pioneer, Asipovichy Base Commander for Wagner in Belarus | Grey literature | https://alleyesonwagner.org/2023/07/19/pioneer-asipovichy-base-commander-for-wagner-in-belarus/ | 11925 | Dec 3, 2024 4:10 PM | |||||||||||||
Allenova, Olga | 2008 | Chechnya ryadom: Voyna glazami zhenshchiny [Chechnya next door: War through the eyes of a woman] | Book | Moscow: Kommersant | 10313 | Oct 3, 2025 10:43 AM | |||||||||||||
Allison, Roy | 1993 | Military forces in the Soviet successor states: Introduction | Article | The Adelphi Papers | 32 | 280 | 3-17 | Apr 2, 2025 1:27 PM | |||||||||||
Russia and Syria: explaining alignment with a regime in crisis | Sep 16, 2024 2:28 PM | ||||||||||||||||||
Allison, Roy | 2014 | Russian ‘Deniable’ Intervention in Ukraine: How and Why Russia Broke the Rule | Article | International Affairs | 90 | 6 | 1255-1297 | The Russian military interventions in Ukraine, which have led to the annexation of the Crimean peninsula and to the entrenchment of separatist enclaves in Donetsk and Luhansk provinces, directly challenge the post-Cold War European state system. Russia has consistently denied any wrongdoing or illegal military involvement and has presented its policies as a reaction to the repression of ethnic Russians and Russian speakers. This article argues that it is important to examine and contest unfounded Russian legal and political claims used by Moscow to justify its interventions. The article proceeds to assess in detail three different explanations of the Russian operations in Ukraine: geopolitical competition and structural power (including the strategic benefits of seizing Crimea); identity and ideational factors; and the search for domestic political consolidation in Russia. These have all played a role, although the role of identity appears the least convincing in explaining the timing and scope of Russian encroachments on Ukrainian territorial integrity and the disruption of Ukrainian statehood. | 11031 | Dec 3, 2024 4:11 PM | |||||||||
Allison, Olivia | 2015 | Informal but Diverse: The Market for Exported Force from Russia and Ukraine | Book chapter | In Molly Dunigan and Ulrich Petersohn (eds.) The Markets for Force – Privatization of Security Across World Regions. | 11043 | Dec 10, 2024 3:34 PM | |||||||||||||
Allison, Olivia | 2015 | Informal but Diverse: The Market for Exported Force from Russia and Ukraine | Book chapter | In Molly Dunigan and Ulrich Petersohn (eds.) The Markets for Force – Privatization of Security Across World Regions | 11043 | Dec 3, 2024 4:09 PM | |||||||||||||
Allison, Roy | 2017 | Russia and the post-2014 international legal order: revisionism and realpolitik | Article | International Affairs | 93 | 3 | 519-544 | Russia's annexation of Crimea and military intervention in eastern Ukraine, as well as Moscow's claims around these acts, challenge the post-Cold War territorial settlement and its underlying international legal principles. Unlike previous controversies over western-led interventions, a major power has used force to expand its territorial sphere. Russia's actions contradict its traditional focus on UN Charter principles and sovereignty in the wider international system. This article questions whether Russia has a serious agenda to gain support for revised understandings of international law, at least as applied to what it views as a Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) region of entitlements. Or is Russia driven more by realpolitik, whereby legal discourse contributes to a strategic effort to force changes in the European territorial order, in the first instance in its direct neighbourhood? These uncertainties are contrasted to Russia's single-minded narrative on the threat of regime change. Moscow uses the spectre of ‘colour revolutions’ to influence a variety of states in the wider international system. Overall, so far Russia has failed to shift legal understandings in its favour over Crimea/Ukraine. Yet it continues to view the CIS states as only partly sovereign, as located in a zone of exception. Moscow seems intent on changing the European security and territorial order in its favour, regardless of the language of legal principles it deploys in its wider international diplomacy. | 11097 | Sep 8, 2024 10:12 AM | |||||||||
Allison, Roy | 2017 | Russia and the post-2014 international legal order: revisionism and realpolitik | Article | International Affairs | 93 | 3 | 519–544 | Russia's annexation of Crimea and military intervention in eastern Ukraine, as well as Moscow's claims around these acts, challenge the post-Cold War territorial settlement and its underlying international legal principles. Unlike previous controversies over western-led interventions, a major power has used force to expand its territorial sphere. Russia's actions contradict its traditional focus on UN Charter principles and sovereignty in the wider international system. This article questions whether Russia has a serious agenda to gain support for revised understandings of international law, at least as applied to what it views as a Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) region of entitlements. Or is Russia driven more by realpolitik, whereby legal discourse contributes to a strategic effort to force changes in the European territorial order, in the first instance in its direct neighbourhood? These uncertainties are contrasted to Russia's single-minded narrative on the threat of regime change. Moscow uses the spectre of ‘colour revolutions’ to influence a variety of states in the wider international system. Overall, so far Russia has failed to shift legal understandings in its favour over Crimea/Ukraine. Yet it continues to view the CIS states as only partly sovereign, as located in a zone of exception. Moscow seems intent on changing the European security and territorial order in its favour, regardless of the language of legal principles it deploys in its wider international diplomacy. | 11097 | Dec 3, 2024 4:05 PM | |||||||||
Allison, Olivia, Nick Connon, Antonio Giustozzi and James Pascall | 2025 | Wagner’s Business Model in Syria and Africa: Profit and Patronage | Grey literature | RUSI Occasional Paper | This paper examines whether the Wagner Group was profitable under its founder Yevgeny Prigozhin, what its business model meant for Russia and Russia’s geopolitical rivals in the recent past, and what the model could mean in the future. The paper’s main focus is on three case studies: Syria, the Central African Republic (CAR) and Mali, but Wagner as a whole is also considered. To assess the group’s profitability, the paper aggregates various sources of financial information to understand Wagner’s financial model, its revenue sources and its costs. Some of Wagner’s deployments were loss making, others barely profitable and some very profitable (the CAR and Syria). It was part of its venture-capitalist business model that failures should happen and were even deemed acceptable, if other operations produced sufficient revenue. Moreover, Prigozhin engaged in his Wagner business also because the favours that his Russian businesses received from President Vladimir Putin were likely conditional on Prigozhin returning them, including by serving the geopolitical interests of Russia abroad. Wagner did not make huge profits overall, especially when the risks involved are considered. Prigozhin made his money with his Russian businesses. It is clear that his ventures in Africa and the Middle East did not contribute significantly to Russia’s coffers, whether in terms of taxes paid or any other way. That does not even appear to have been the purpose: rather, they were intended to sustain Russia’s foreign policy initiatives. At least in the short term, this objective was achieved. Prigozhin’s death raised serious questions about the sustainability of the Wagner business model. The Russian government did try to encourage other tycoons linked to the Kremlin, such as Gennady Timchenko and Arkady Rotenberg, to adopt the model, but neither showed much enthusiasm nor managed to replicate Prigozhin’s mix of shadowy but entrepreneurial business operations. This resulted in Wagner’s activities in Africa being curtailed, but not dismantled. Wagner’s colonial-style business model only really took hold in the CAR and Syria. In Syria, the model became unacceptable even to Bashar al-Assad’s regime, despite its heavy dependence on Russian support. The prospects for it being replicated elsewhere now look remote, not only because of the rarity of Prigozhin’s ‘talent’, but also because it clashes with increasingly nationalist African and Middle Eastern environments. Wagner may be described as a product of a phase of oligarchic politics in Russia, when Putin saw wealthy cronies as a more viable business model than Russia’s rusty state apparatus, even in foreign policymaking. The paper stresses that any revenue accruing to Wagner from its extractive operations needs to be offset against costs. Large deployments of fighters and equipment are very burdensome financially, and big revenue-generating businesses would be needed to justify them. With Prigozhin gone and given the lack of appetite for his neo-colonial approach among governments who might make use of Wagner’s style of operations, a more feasible approach for achieving substantial profits in the future would be a focus on smuggling. Wagner was already engaged in such activities, for example with the Captagon amphetamine trade in Syria. It is far from clear, however, that Russia will allow Wagner to focus on smuggling activities, which would be difficult to control from Moscow. Moreover, such operations could well undermine Russia’s diplomatic aims. | Feb 10, 2025 5:22 PM | |||||||||||||
Alonso, R. | 2004 | Pathways Out of Terrorism in Northern Ireland and the Basque Country: The Misrepresentation of the Irish Model | Article | Terrorism and Political Violence | 16 | 4 | 695-713 | 10853 | Nov 30, 2024 6:22 PM | ||||||||||
The IRA and Armed Struggle | Sep 16, 2024 2:28 PM | ||||||||||||||||||
Altier, M. B., Leonard Boyle, E., Shortland, N. D., & Horgan, J. G. | 2017 | Why they leave: An analysis of terrorist disengagement events from eighty-seven autobiographical accounts | Article | Security Studies | 26 | 2 | 305-332 | 10041 | Nov 30, 2024 6:22 PM | ||||||||||
Altier, Mary Beth, Horgan, John & Thoroughgood, Christian | 2012 | , “In Their Own Words? Methodological Considerations in the Analysis of Terrorist Autobiographies,” Journal of Strategic Security, 5(4, pp85-98. | 11266 | Dec 10, 2024 3:11 PM | |||||||||||||||
Altier, Mary Beth, Thoroughgood, Christian N. and Horgan, John | 2014 | ‘Turning Away From Terrorism: Lessons From Psychology, Sociology, and Criminology,’ Journal of Peace Research, 51:5, pp. 647-661. | 11519 | Nov 30, 2024 6:22 PM | |||||||||||||||
Amelina, Yana | 2015 | Severnyy Kavkaz: razgrom islamistskogo podpolya [The North Caucasus: The defeat of the Islamic insurgency] | Book chapter | In Yana Amelina (ed.), Islamskoye Gosudarstvo: Sushchnost i protivostoyanie [Islamic State: Essence and Opposition]. Vladikavkaz: Caucasus Geopolitical Club | 64-75 | 10610 | Oct 3, 2025 10:43 AM | ||||||||||||
Amelina, Yana | 2015 | Rossiyskiye “igilovtsy”: Ideologicheskiy vakuum [Russian ISIL members: An ideological vacuum] | Book chapter | In Yana Amelina (ed.), Islamskoye Gosudarstvo: Sushchnost i protivostoyanie [Islamic State: Essence and Opposition]. Vladikavkaz: Caucasus Geopolitical Club | 170-177 | 10611 | Oct 3, 2025 2:27 PM | ||||||||||||
Amenta, Edwin and Caren, Neal | 2007 | The Legislative, Organizational, and Beneficiary Consequences of State-Oriented Challengers | Book chapter | In David A. Snow, Sarah A. Soule and Hanspieter Kriesi (Eds.). The Blackwell Companion to Social Movements. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing | 461-488 | 10010 | Dec 10, 2024 3:35 PM | ||||||||||||
Amenta, Edwin and Polletta, Francesca | 2019 | The Cultural Impacts of Social Movements | Article | Annual Review of Sociology | 45 | 279-299 | The most important impacts of social movements are often cultural, but the sheer variety of potential cultural impacts—from shifts in public opinion to new portrayals of a group on television to the metrics guiding funding in a federal agency—presents unique challenges to scholars. Rather than treating culture as a social sphere separate from politics and the economy, we conceptualize it as the ideas, values, and assumptions underpinning policies and practices in all spheres. We review recent research on movements’ impacts on public opinion and everyday behavior; the media and popular culture; nonpolitical institutions such as science, medicine, and education; and politics. We focus on cultural impacts that have mattered for movements’ constituencies and address why movements have had those impacts. We conclude with an agenda for future research, seeking greater connection between the literatures on movements and the literatures on the institutions that matter to movements. | 10019 | Nov 30, 2024 6:22 PM | ||||||||||
Amenta, Edwin and Young, Michael P. | 1999 | Making an Impact: Conceptual and Methodological Implications of the Collective Goods Criterion | Book chapter | In Marco Giugni, Doug McAdam and Charles Tilly (Eds.). How Social Movements Matter. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press | 22-41 | 10022/10963 | Dec 10, 2024 3:35 PM | ||||||||||||
Amenta, Edwin, Caren, Neal, Chiarello, Elizabeth and Su, Yang | 2010 | The Political Consequences of Social Movements | Article | Annual Review of Sociology | 36 | 287-307 | Research on the political consequences of social movements has recently accelerated. We take stock of this research with a focus on movements in democratic polities and the United States in comparative and historical perspective. Although most studies demonstrate the influence of the largest movements, this research has not addressed how much movements matter. As for the conditions under which movements matter, scholars have been revising their initial hypotheses that the strategies, organizational forms, and political contexts that aid mobilization also aid in gaining and exerting political influence. Scholars are exploring alternative arguments about the productivity of different actions and characteristics of movements and movement organizations in the varied political contexts and institutional settings they face. Researchers are also employing more innovative research designs to appraise these more complex arguments. Scholarship will advance best if scholars continue to think through the interactions between strategies, organizations, and contexts; address movement influences on processes in institutional politics beyond the agenda-setting stage; situate case studies in comparative and historical perspective; and make more comparisons across movements and issues. | 10023 | Nov 30, 2024 6:22 PM | ||||||||||
Aminzade, R. and McAdam, D. | 2001 | “Emotions and contentious politics”, in Aminzade, R., Goldstone, J., McAdam, D., Perry, E., Sewell, W.H. Jr, , Tarrow, S. and Tilly, C. Eds, Silence and Voice in the Study of Contentious Politics, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 14-50. | 11480 | Dec 10, 2024 3:18 PM | |||||||||||||||
Aminzade, R., Goldstone, J. and Perry, E. | 2001 | “Leadership dynamics and the dynamics of contention”, in Aminzade, R., Goldstone, J., McAdam, D., Perry, E., Sewell, W.H. Jr, , Tarrow, S. and Tilly, C. Eds, Silence and Voice in the Study of Contentious Politics, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 126-54. | 11481 | Dec 10, 2024 3:18 PM | |||||||||||||||
Amnesty International | 2000 | Russian Federation: Continuing Torture and Rape in Chechnya | Grey literature | EUR 46/036/2000 | https://www.amnesty.org/download/Documents/136000/eur460362000en.pdf | 10099 | Oct 3, 2025 10:44 AM | ||||||||||||
Amnesty International | 2000 | Russian Federation (Chechnya): Rape and Torture of Children in Chernokozovo 'Filtration Camp' | Grey literature | https://www.amnesty.org.uk/press-releases/chechnya-rape-and-torture-childrens-rights-chernokozovo-filtration-camp | 10100 | Oct 3, 2025 10:44 AM | |||||||||||||
Amnesty International | 2012 | The Circle Of Injustice: Security Operations And Human Rights Violations In Ingushetia | Grey literature | http://www.amnestyusa.org/sites/default/files/3680_ingushetia_cover__contents_web.pdf | 10476 | Oct 3, 2025 10:44 AM | |||||||||||||
Anderson, Benedict | 1983 | , “Imagined Communities: reflections on the origin and spread of nationalism” | 11267 | Dec 10, 2024 3:11 PM | |||||||||||||||
Anderson, Scott | 2000 | The Man Who Tried To Save the World | Book | New York: Anchor Books | 10101 | Oct 3, 2025 10:44 AM | |||||||||||||
Imagined Communities | Sep 16, 2024 2:30 PM | ||||||||||||||||||
Andrews | 2018 | Preface to Rhodes Must Fall | Article | 11843 | Dec 10, 2024 2:53 PM | ||||||||||||||
Apter, David | 1964 | , Ideology and Discontent, New York: The Free Press. | 11268 | Dec 10, 2024 3:11 PM | |||||||||||||||
Arbatov, Alexei G. | 1998 | Military reforms in Russia: dilemmas, obstacles and prospects | Article | International Security | 22 | 4 | 83-134 | 11200 | Sep 8, 2024 10:12 AM | ||||||||||
Arbatov, Alexei G. | 2000 | The Transformation of Russian Military Doctrine: Lessons Learned from Kosovo and Chechnya | Grey literature | The Marshall Center Papers No.2 | Apr 2, 2025 1:31 PM | ||||||||||||||
Arce, D.G. and Sandler, T. | 2005 | Counterterrorism: A Game-Theoretic Analysis | Article | The Journal of Conflict Resoluton | 49 | 183-200 | 10038 | Nov 30, 2024 6:22 PM | |||||||||||
Breivik’s Mindset: The Counterjihad and the New Transatlantic Anti-Muslim Right | Sep 16, 2024 2:31 PM | ||||||||||||||||||
Arel, Dominique and Blair A. Ruble | 2006 | Rebounding Identities: The Politics of Identity in Russia and Ukraine | Book | Woodrow Wilson Center Press and John Hopkins University Press | An examination of post-Soviet society through ethnic, religious, and linguistic criteria, this volume turns what is typically anthropological subject matter into the basis of politics, sociology, and history. Ten chapters cover such diverse subjects as Ukrainian language revival, Tatar language revival, nationalist separatism and assimilation in Russia, religious pluralism in Russia and in Ukraine, mobilization against Chinese immigration, and even the politics of mapmaking. A few of these chapters are principally historical, connecting tsarist and Soviet constructions to today’s systems and struggles. The introduction by Dominique Arel sets out the project in terms of new scholarly approaches to identity, and the conclusion by Blair A. Ruble draws out political and social implications that challenge citizens and policy makers. | 10243 | Dec 10, 2024 3:14 PM | ||||||||||||
Arendt, Hannah | 1968 | The Origins of Totalitarianism | Book | 10900 | Dec 10, 2024 3:11 PM | ||||||||||||||
Aris, Stephen | 2020 | International vs. area? The disciplinary-politics of knowledge-exchange between IR and Area Studies | Article | International Theory | 13 | 3 | 451-482 | Within the political-economy of the social sciences, Area Studies (AS) is supposed to supply contextually-informed knowledge on (non-Western) areas to the other social sciences, in exchange for theory to guide further empirical investigations. Based on this assumption, there are regular calls for greater engagement with AS to counteract the shortcomings of International Relations’ (IR) knowledge-base on many areas, perspectives, and practices of the international. However, there has been little work empirically detailing knowledge- exchange practices between IR and AS, so it remains an open question if the relationship functions as an exchange of ‘international’ theory-for-‘area’ empirics. This paper provides a macro-sociological analysis of the practices of IR–AS knowledge-exchange. By focusing on citation practice, it moves beyond accounts that treat the two disciplines as ‘black boxes’, to trace which parts of the ‘dividing discipline’ of IR are active in exchanging knowledge with which ‘area’ scholarships. Hence, it asks: Are there ‘area’ blindspots in IR’s knowledge-production? And, what type of IR theory is exported to AS? This analysis informs an assessment of whether AS represents a significant resource for IR in its efforts to, one, better inform its knowledge-production about ‘other’ areas of the international, and two, assert its disciplinary-relevance within the academy. | 11844 | Dec 10, 2024 2:53 PM | |||||||||
Aris, Stephen | 2022 | Wagner PMC and the Semi-Privatisation of Russian State Security | Grey literature | Russian Analytical Digest | 290 | 5-7 | https://css.ethz.ch/content/dam/ethz/special-interest/gess/cis/center-for-securities-studies/pdfs/RAD290.pdf | 11804 | Dec 3, 2024 4:07 PM | ||||||||||
Aris, Stephen | 2023 | The Post-Mutiny Context of Wagner and Private Military Forces in Russia | Grey literature | Russian Analytical Digest | 303 | 2-4 | This short article provides a summary of how the extraordinary events surrounding Wagner private military company’s (PMC) standoff with the Russian Ministry of Defense came to pass. It then considers what, if any, role Wagner will play in the Russian security landscape in the near future, and what this might suggest about the coherence of the Russian security state in general. | Russian_Analytical_Digest_2023_Vol_303.pdf | 52d74c03-1fe7-4552-a27f-30e1a6eec94d | Dec 3, 2024 4:07 PM | |||||||||
Arjona, Ana | 2016 | Rebelocracy: Social Order in the Colombian Civil War | Book | Cambridge: Cambridge University Press | 10865 | Dec 10, 2024 3:56 PM | |||||||||||||
Arjona, Ana, Kasfir, Nelson and Mampilly, Zachariah | 2016 | Rebel Governance in Civil War | Book | Cambridge: Cambridge University Press | 10869 | Dec 10, 2024 3:56 PM | |||||||||||||
Arkhipov, Yuriy | 2011 | Plen: Dokumentalnyy roman [Captivity: A documentary novel] | Book | http://proza.ru/2011/04/18/1094 | 10440 | Oct 3, 2025 10:44 AM | |||||||||||||
Arlyapova, Yelena | 2013 | Mobilizatsionnyy potentsial Islama vchera i segodnya (Rossiya: Chechenskaya Respublika) [The mobilisation potential of Islam yesterday and today (Russia: Chechen Republic)] | Article | http://www.academia.edu/3857227/_ | 10522 | Oct 3, 2025 10:44 AM | |||||||||||||
Armstrong, Patrick | 2013 | Enter the Memes | Book chapter | In Robert Bruce Ware (ed.), The Fire Below: How the Caucasus Shaped Russia. New York: Bloomsbury | 11-49 | 10523 | Oct 3, 2025 10:45 AM | ||||||||||||
Fields of Blood: Religion and the History of Violence | Sep 16, 2024 2:32 PM | ||||||||||||||||||
Everything You Think You Know About the Collapse of the Soviet Union Is Wrong | Sep 16, 2024 2:32 PM | ||||||||||||||||||
Arutunyan, Anna | 2022 | Hybrid Warriors: Proxies, Freelancers and Moscow's Struggle for Ukraine | Book | London: Hurst & Company | 11193 | Dec 3, 2024 4:05 PM | |||||||||||||
Arutunyan, Anna and Mark Galeotti | 2024 | Downfall: Prigozhin, Putin, and the new fight for the future of Russia | Book | Ebury Press | 2cab025e-52f0-48e0-bb6c-88c013b1e752 | Dec 3, 2024 4:07 PM | |||||||||||||
Arvisaisa, Olivier, Guidère, Mathieu, Belporo, Lydie C.,Bérubé, Maxime, Chamsine, Chirine and Mahhou, Mohamed Amine | 2022 | The Ideological Indoctrination through ISIS Textbooks | Article | Studies in Conflict & Terrorism | https://doi.org/10.1080/1057610X.2022.2106778 | This paper depicts how ideological indoctrination is constructed within the Islamic State in Iraq and Syria (ISIS) textbooks as a framing process of religious concepts and values. By adopting a frame analysis perspective, we try to understand how ISIS textbooks assign meaning to traditional concepts in Islam – belief in the oneness of God, obedience to God, rejection of polytheism, allegiance, and disavowal, among others. Even though existing research has led to significant insights into ISIS propaganda, media, and strategic communication, it still falls short of addressing its ideological indoctrination process in a detailed manner. This article fills a gap in the literature on ISIS educational propaganda and ideology. For our empirical case study, we analyzed a selection of ISIS primary-level textbooks produced in Iraq and Syria and published in Arabic. Ultimately, this paper demonstrates that ISIS has been attempting to redefine education by framing the textbooks’ content through the lens of its own ideology. Our study contributes to the growing number of studies that draw attention to the instrumentalization of educational material as a tool of ideological indoctrination targeting youth in conflict areas. | 11007 | Dec 10, 2024 3:11 PM | |||||||||||
Asal, Victor, Legault, Richard, Szekely, Ora and Wilkenfeld, Jonathan | 2013 | Gender ideologies and forms of contentiousmobilization in the Middle East | Article | Journal of Peace Research | 50 | 3 | 305-318 | 10861 | Dec 10, 2024 3:11 PM | ||||||||||
Asal, Victor, Brown, Mitchell and Dalton, Angela | 2012 | Why Split? Organizational Splits among Ethnopolitical Organizations in the Middle East | Article | Journal of Conflict Resolution | 56 | 1 | 94-117 | 10990 | Dec 10, 2024 3:19 PM | ||||||||||
Asgarov, Roman | 2021 | Private Military Company in the Russian Manner: the Wagner Group and Business on the Blood in the Central African Republic | Grey literature | ULUSAM - Ulusal Strateji Araştırmaları Merkezi | 37 | https://www.ulusam.org.tr/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Private-Military-Company-in-the-Russian-Manner-the-Wagner-Group-and-Business-on-the-Blood-in-the-Central-African-Republic.pdf | 11938 | Dec 3, 2024 4:09 PM | |||||||||||
Post-Jihadism: Libya and the Global Transformations of Armed Islamist Movements | Sep 16, 2024 2:32 PM | ||||||||||||||||||
Ashraph, Sareta, Carmen Cheung Ka-Man and Joanna Cook (eds.) | 2024 | Holding ISIL Accountable: Prosecuting Crimes in Iraq and Syria | Grey literature | International Center for Counter-Terrorism and The Center for Justice and Accountability | https://www.icct.nl/publication/holding-isil-accountable-prosecuting-crimes-iraq-and-syria | In the aftermath of the collapse of the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant’s self-declared “caliphate,” the international community has grappled with the question of how to achieve accountability for crimes committed by the armed group. While prosecutions of captured ISIL fighters and other ISIL-affiliated individuals are occurring, they have to date overwhelmingly focused on terrorism-related offences without addressing core international crimes–including genocide, crimes against humanity, and war crimes–that may have been perpetrated by these individuals. Many prosecutions fall short of true accountability for the full dimensions of ISIL crimes and the totality of harm done to victims and survivors. To support prosecutions that more fully reflect the atrocities committed by ISIL, additional work is needed to collect and analyse evidence relating to ISIL’s ideology, structure, decision-making, and capacities that underpinned the commission of atrocities. This book brings together eight experts who conducted original research on the inner workings of ISIL. The authors are recognized inter-disciplinary experts on ISIL —some of whom have served as expert witnesses in U.N.-led investigations and domestic criminal proceedings. These papers are intended to serve as a summary of their research and a starting point for prosecutors and other authorities conducting investigations and building cases around crimes committed by ISIL. | Nov 30, 2024 6:40 PM | ||||||||||||
Åslund, Anders | 2019 | The Problematic Nature of Russian Banking | Article | Demokratizatsiya: The Journal of Post-Soviet Democratization | 27 | 4 | 423-442 | Oct 17, 2024 4:32 PM | |||||||||||
Åslund, Anders | 2019 | Russia’s Crony Capitalism: The Path from Market Economy to Kleptocracy | Book | Yale University Press | Nov 7, 2024 9:20 AM | ||||||||||||||
Asymmetric Warfare Group | 2020 | Russian Private Military Companies: Their Use and How to Consider Them in Operations, Competition, and Conflict | Grey literature | https://publicintelligence.net/awg-russian-private-military-companies/ | 11052 | Dec 3, 2024 4:05 PM | |||||||||||||
Sep 16, 2024 2:32 PM | |||||||||||||||||||
Autessere, Séverine | 2021 | The Frontlines of Peace: An Insider’s Guide to Changing the World | Book | Oxford: Oxford University Press | Nov 30, 2024 6:22 PM | ||||||||||||||
Sep 16, 2024 3:36 PM | |||||||||||||||||||
Avant, Deborah | 2005 | The Market for Force: The Consequences of Privatizing Security | Book | Cambridge, Massachusetts: Cambridge University Press | 11719 | Dec 3, 2024 4:05 PM | |||||||||||||
Avedissian, Karena | 2014 | A Tale of Two Movements: Social Movement Mobilisation in Southern Russia | Grey literature | https://etheses.bham.ac.uk/id/eprint/5966/4/Avedissian15PhD_Repository.pdf | The thesis employs the political process approach within social movement theory (SMT) to examine in a comparative fashion two distinctly different opposition movements in southern Russia. One is the environmental movement in Krasnodar Krai and the other is the ethno-national Balkar movement in Kabardino-Balkaria. The political process approach focuses on the role and interaction of political opportunities, mobilising structures, and social movement framing for both movements, and seeks to explore their role in social movement mobilisation dynamics in Russia’s non-democratic context. The combination of the analysis of the three variables of political opportunities, mobilising structures, and social movement framing allows for fresh perspectives on both SMT and post-Soviet area studies. The thesis is particularly concerned with networks. It argues that in non-democratic contexts, the role of networks is more important than in democratic contexts | 10564 | Oct 3, 2025 10:45 AM | ||||||||||||
Avedissian, Karena | 2016 | Clerics, Weightlifters, and Politicians: Ramzan Kadyrov's Instagram as an Official Project of Chechen Memory and Identity Production | Article | Caucasus Survey | 4 | 1 | 20-43 | https://brill.com/view/journals/casu/4/1/article-p20_3.xml?language=en | Head of Chechnya Ramzan Kadyrov’s Instagram has been the focus of popular interest and news since it was launched in 2013. This article strives to show that Kadyrov’s communication through Instagram reproduces and imposes a new, authorized discursive hegemony that positions Chechen national identity within a broader pro-Russian ideological framework legitimating Kadyrov’s power in his Chechen nation-building project. The findings reveal the deployment of three main themes: Islam, sport, and government Public Relations (PR), which serve as discursive vehicles to encourage national cohesion. Situated within a discourse analysis analytical framework, the findings contribute to understandings of social media as a communicative platform in a post-Soviet authoritarian context for normalizing new ideologies. | 10639 | Oct 3, 2025 10:45 AM | ||||||||
Averre, Derek | 2009 | From Pristina to Tskhinvali: The Legacy of Operation Allied Force in Russia's Relations with the West | Article | International Affairs | 85 | 3 | 575-591 | Apr 2, 2025 1:33 PM | |||||||||||
Averre, Derek | 2016 | The Ukraine Conflict: Russia's Challenge to European Security Governance | Article | Europe-Asia Studies | 68 | 4 | 699-725 | This essay uses the concept of security governance to explore the implications of Russia’s intervention in Ukraine for the rules-based security order in Europe. It outlines key ideas in the literature about the post-Cold War European security order with respect to Russia’s role and examines Russian debates on the Ukraine conflict. It then investigates European institutions’ reaction to the conflict in order to understand to what extent Russia’s exclusion (as a result of the West’s policy of containment and deterrence) or self-exclusion now constitutes a structural factor in the security politics of the wider Europe. The essay concludes with the analysis of the challenges facing both Europe and Russia and considers the prospects for re-shaping this order to give meaning to partnership and shared security governance. | 11751 | Dec 3, 2024 4:11 PM | |||||||||
Averre, Derek | 2024 | Russian strategy in the Middle East and North Africa | Book | Manchester: Manchester University Press | Nov 17, 2024 12:45 PM | ||||||||||||||
Avksentyev, V.A. and G.D. Grishchenko | 2016 | Etnopoliticheskaya situatsiya na Severnom Kavkaze: Ekspertnaya otsenka [The ethnopolitical situation in the North Caucasus: An expert assessment] | Article | Sotsiologicheskiye issledovaniye [Sociological Research] | 1 | 10640 | Dec 11, 2024 2:28 PM | ||||||||||||
Avksentyev, V.A., G.D. Grishchenko and A.V. Dmitriyev | 2007 | Dinamika regionalnogo konfliktnogo protsessa na Yuge Rossii (ekspertnaya otsenka) [The dynamic of the regional conflict process in the South of Russia (expert assessment)] | Article | Sotsiologicheskiye issledovaniye [Sociological Research] | 9 | 70-78 | 10273 | Dec 13, 2024 2:15 PM | |||||||||||
Avksentyev, V.A., G.D. Grishchenko and A.V. Dmitriyev | 2007 | Regionalnaya konfliktologiya: ekspertnoye mneniye [Regional conflictology: An expert opinion] | Book | Moscow: Alfa-M | 10274 | Dec 13, 2024 2:15 PM | |||||||||||||
Sep 16, 2024 2:34 PM | |||||||||||||||||||
The Idea of the Muslim World | Sep 16, 2024 2:34 PM | ||||||||||||||||||
Radicalisation Processes of the Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK) | Sep 16, 2024 2:34 PM | ||||||||||||||||||
Babak, Vladimir | 2000 | Russia’s relations with the near abroad | Article | Soviet and Post-Soviet Review | 27 | 1 | 11201 | Sep 8, 2024 10:13 AM | |||||||||||
Babchenko, Arkady | 2008 | One Soldier's War in Chechnya | Book | London: Portobello Books | 10314 | Oct 3, 2025 2:01 PM | |||||||||||||
Babich, Irina L. | 2008 | Islam and the Legal System in the Northwestern Caucasus | Book chapter | In Moshe Gammer (ed.), Ethno-Nationalism, Islam and the State in the Caucasus: Post-Soviet Disorder. London: Routledge | 19-27 | The Northern Caucasus is a special region of the Russian Federation, characterised by the many different ethnic groups inhabiting it. Some of these are similar in language and culture. Such are the Kabartay, Cherkes (Circasssians) and Adyghe on the one hand and the Turkic Balkars and Karachai on the other. The Chechens, Ingush and the various peoples of Daghestan have common linguistic, cultural and historical roots. | 10315 | Oct 3, 2025 2:02 PM | |||||||||||
Babich, Irina L. and Akhmet Yarlykapov | 2003 | Islamic Revival in Contemporary Kabardino-Balkaria | Grey literature | Moscow: Programme on Global Security and Cooperation | 10152 | Oct 3, 2025 2:02 PM | |||||||||||||
Bacon, Edwin | 2000 | The Power Ministries | Book chapter | In Neil Robinson (ed.) Institutions and Political Change in Russia. Basingstoke: Palgrave macmillan | Apr 2, 2025 1:58 PM | ||||||||||||||
Bacon, Edwin | 2019 | The Security Council and Security Decision-Making | Book chapter | In Roger E. Kanet (ed.). Routledge Handbook of Russian Security | 119-130 | 11947 | Apr 2, 2025 1:05 PM | ||||||||||||
Bacon, Edwin, Bettina Renz and Julian Cooper | 2007 | Securitising Russia: The Domestic Politics of Vladimir Putin | Book | Manchester: Manchester University Press | 10275 | Mar 1, 2025 2:42 PM | |||||||||||||
Autocracy in Crisis | Sep 16, 2024 2:37 PM | ||||||||||||||||||
Baddeley, John F. | 2007 | The Russian Conquest of the Caucasus | Book | Reprint of 1908 edition. London: Longsman, Green and Co. | Dec 11, 2024 2:30 PM | ||||||||||||||
Bækken, Håvard | 2018 | Law and Power In Russia: Making Sense Of Quasi-Legal Practices | Book | Routledge | May 13, 2025 4:29 PM | ||||||||||||||
Baev, Pavel | 2004 | Instrumentalizing Counterterrorism for Regime Consolidation in Putin's Russia | Article | Studies in Conflict & Terrorism | 27 | 4 | 337-352 | 10179 | Oct 3, 2025 2:02 PM | ||||||||||
Baev, Pavel | 2004 | The Terrorism-Corruption Nexus in the North Caucasus | Grey literature | Policy Memo No. 114. Washington, DC: PONARS Eurasia | 10180 | Oct 3, 2025 2:03 PM | |||||||||||||
Baglione, Lisa | 2008 | Post-Settlement Chechnya: A Case of Authoritarian Peace-Building? | Grey literature | Presentation at the 49th International Studies Association Convention, San Francisco, March | http://citation.allacademic.com/meta/p_mla_apa_research_citation/2/5/1/9/3/pages251931/p251931-1.php | 10316 | Oct 3, 2025 2:03 PM | ||||||||||||
Baiev, Khassan | 2004 | The Oath: A Surgeon Under Fire | Book | London: Pocket Books | 10181 | Oct 3, 2025 2:03 PM | |||||||||||||
Bair, Jennifer, Gabor, Daniela, Germain, Randall, Johnston, Alison, Katada, Saori N., LeBaron, Genevieve and Rethel, Lena | 2021 | Strengthening RIPE’s commitment to equality, diversity, and inclusion in our field | Article | Review of International Political Economy | 28 | 1 | 1-6 | 11845 | Dec 10, 2024 2:53 PM | ||||||||||
Baker, Deane-Peter and James Pattison | 2012 | The Principled Case for Employing Private Military and Security Companies in Interventions for Human Rights Purposes | Article | Journal of Applied Philosophy | 29 | 1 | 1-18 | The possibility of using private military and security companies to bolster the capacity to undertake intervention for human rights purposes (humanitarian intervention and peacekeeping) has been increasingly debated. The focus of such discussions has, however, largely been on practical issues and the contingent problems posed by private force. By contrast, this article considers the principled case for privatising humanitarian intervention. It focuses on two central issues. First, does outsourcing humanitarian intervention to private military and security companies pose some fundamental, deeper problems in this context, such as an abdication of a state's duties? Second, on the other hand, is there a case for preferring these firms to other, state-based agents of humanitarian intervention? For instance, given a state's duties to their own military personnel, should the use of private military and security contractors be preferred to regular soldiers for humanitarian intervention? | 11024 | Dec 3, 2024 4:05 PM | |||||||||
Bakke, Kristin M. | 2009 | Beslan and the Study of Violence | Article | Political Geography | 28 | 1 | 16-18 | 10360 | Oct 3, 2025 2:03 PM | ||||||||||
Bakke, Kristin M. | 2010 | Copying and Learning From Outsiders? Assessing Diffusion From Transnational Insurgents in the Chechen Wars | Grey literature | APSA 2010 Annual Meeting Paper | http://poseidon01.ssrn.com/delivery.php?ID=471009102086024126071097013078091123061037004077091082097072002101006127124112109091001009026029106125054083119098122118080079024034037055050079125031095013079102008029054039094025074113021088020014097096092070067076125080026110094091013121095080096088&EXT=pdf | 10395 | Oct 3, 2025 2:03 PM | ||||||||||||
Bakke, Kristin M. | 2010 | Copying and Learning From Outsiders? Assessing Diffusion From Transnational Insurgents in the Chechen Wars | APSA 2010 Annual Meeting Paper | http://poseidon01.ssrn.com/delivery.php?ID=471009102086024126071097013078091123061037004077091082097072002101006127124112109091001009026029106125054083119098122118080079024034037055050079125031095013079102008029054039094025074113021088020014097096092070067076125080026110094091013121095080096088&EXT=pdf | 10395 | Nov 30, 2024 6:24 PM | |||||||||||||
Bakke, Kristin M. | 2014 | Help Wanted? The Mixed Record of Foreign Fighters in Domestic Insurgencies | Article | International Security | 38 | 4 | 150-187 | One of the major policy concerns surrounding violent conflicts in Afghanistan, Iraq, Libya, Mali, Pakistan, Russia's North Caucasus region, Somalia, and Syria has been that these struggles may both attract and breed transnational insurgents, or foreign fighters. Yet despite this growing worry, relatively little is known about the ways in which transnational insurgents influence the domestic struggles they join. Existing scholarship assumes that such "outsiders" strengthen domestic opposition movements by bringing with them fighters, weapons, know-how, and access to financial resources. Indeed, access to such assets explains why domestic resistance leaders may initially welcome transnational insurgents. Foreign fighters, however, can also weaken domestic insurgencies by introducing new ideas regarding their objectives and how these struggles should be waged. The introduction of new goals and tactics can not only create divisions with opposition movements, but can also complicate the ability of local leaders to attract and maintain vital public support. Domestic resistance leaders' willingness and ability to adapt the ideas of transnational insurgents to local conditions is key to determining whether and how foreign fighters strengthen homegrown insurgencies. | 10565 | Oct 3, 2025 2:03 PM | |||||||||
Bakke, Kristin M. | 2015 | Decentralization and Intrastate Struggles: Chechnya, Punjab, and Québec | Book | Cambridge: Cambridge University Press | 10612 | Oct 3, 2025 2:03 PM | |||||||||||||
Bakke, Kristin M., Cunningham, Kathleen Gallagher and Seymour, Lee J.M. | 2012 | A Plague of Initials: Fragmentation, Cohesion, and Infighting in Civil Wars | Article | Perspectives on Politics | 10 | 2 | 265-283 | 10991 | Dec 10, 2024 3:19 PM | ||||||||||
Bakke, Kristin M., John O'Loughlin and Michael D. Ward | 2009 | Reconciliation in Conflict-Affected Societies: Multilevel Modeling of Individual and Contextual Factors in the North Caucasus of Russia | Article | Annals of the Association of American Geographers | 99 | 5 | 1012-1021 | Over the past two decades, there has been a growing interest in reconciliation in societies emerging from conflict. The North Caucasus region of Russia has experienced multiple and diverse conflicts since the collapse of the Soviet Union, and violence continues, although at a lower level than a decade ago. We examine willingness to forgive members of other ethnic groups for violence that they have perpetuated as an indicator of the potential for reconciliation in the region. Using data from a large representative survey conducted in five ethnic republics of the North Caucasus in December 2005, we analyze responses to the forgiveness question in relation to social–psychological models of reconciliation, and we add a key geographic measure, distance to violent events, to the usual theories. Using the survey data (N = 2,000) and aggregate data for the eighty-two sampling points, we use a multilevel modeling approach to separate out the effects of individual and contextual factors. We find little support for the social identity theory expectations as ethnic hostility is not an important factor, except for in the case of the Ossetians, a mostly Orthodox minority disproportionately affected by multiple conflicts and the Beslan school killings. Instead, personal experiences of violence and terrorism, the impacts of military actions against communities, differences in general trust of others, and the extent to which the respondent's life has been changed by violence negatively influence the willingness to forgive. Conversely, respondents in ethnic Russian communities and those relatively close to violence are more willing to engage in postconflict reconciliation. | 10361 | Dec 11, 2024 2:38 PM | |||||||||
Bakker, Edwin and De Bont, Roel | 2016 | Belgian and Dutch Jihadist Foreign Fighters (2012–2015): Characteristics, Motivations, and Roles in the War in Syria and Iraq | Article | Small Wars & Insurgencies | 27 | 5 | 837-857 | 11008 | Nov 30, 2024 6:24 PM | ||||||||||
Bakker, Edwin and Grol, Peter | 2015 | Motives and Considerations of Potential Foreign Fighters from the Netherlands | Grey literature | International Centre for Counter Terrorism (ICCT) Policy Brief | 11009 | Nov 30, 2024 6:24 PM | |||||||||||||
Bakker, René M., Raab, Jörg and Milward, H. Brinton | 2012 | ‘A Preliminary Theory of Network Resilience,’ Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, 31:1, pp. 33-62. | 11555 | Feb 11, 2025 9:02 AM | |||||||||||||||
Balcells, Laia | 2012 | ‘The Consequences of Victimization on Political Identities: Evidence From Spain,’ Politics & Society, 40:3, pp. 311-347. | 11245 | Dec 10, 2024 3:11 PM | |||||||||||||||
Balcells, Laia and Stathis Kalyvas, | 2012 | , “Does Warfare Matter? Severity, Duration and Outcomes of Civil Wars,” Instituto Juan March de Estudios e Investigaciones, Madrid, Working paper 2012/273, http://www.march.es/ceacs/publicaciones/ | 11269 | Dec 10, 2024 3:11 PM | |||||||||||||||
Balmaceda, Margarita M. | 2008 | Energy dependency, politics and corruption in the former Soviet Union: Russia's power, oligarchs' profits and Ukraine's missing energy policy, 1995-2006 | Book | 11748 | Dec 3, 2024 4:11 PM | ||||||||||||||
Bamber, M. and Svensson, I. | 2022 | Resisting Radical Rebels: Variations in Islamist Rebel Governance and the Occurrence of Civil Resistance | Article | Terrorism and Political Violence | 10958 | Nov 30, 2024 6:34 PM | |||||||||||||
Bamber-Zryd, Matthew | 2022 | Cyclical jihadist governance: the Islamic State governance cycle in Iraq and Syria | Article | Small Wars & Insurgencies | https://doi.org/10.1080/09592318.2022.2116182 | The rise and decline of the Islamic State’s (IS) caliphate between 2014 and 2018 have garnered significant policy and academic attention. Explanations for the group’s territorial demise have focussed on its internal group dynamics and external conflict processes. Although both explanations are valid, I adopt a historical approach to show that IS’s caliphate was just one cycle in a two-decade history of governance activity. IS has undertaken three governance cycles composed of phases of insurgency, gaining territory, establishing institutions, and losing territory. After each governance cycle, IS engaged in a process of critical self-reflection and adapted its governance strategy significantly. This resulted in a progressive history in which, with each cycle, IS governed greater amounts of territory, through more complex institutions, for a longer period of time. This article is based on fieldwork interviews conducted with both IS members and civilians who lived under IS control in Iraq, Lebanon, Syria, and Turkey, as well as archival research on IS historical and contemporary governing documents. | 11106 | Nov 30, 2024 6:34 PM | |||||||||||
Banaszak, Lee Ann and Ondercin, Heather L. | 2016 | Public Opinion as a Movement Outcome: The Case of the U.S. Women's Movement | Article | Mobilization | 21 | 3 | 361-378 | We demonstrate that an important outcome of social movements is public opinion change, particularly in the case of the U.S. women’s movement. We argue that contentious events associated with the women’s movement provide informational cues that prime the public. This process then leads to changes in attitudes regarding gender. We use quarterly time series data on contentious events of the U.S. women’s movement ranging from 1960 to 1992 and public opinion about gender attitudes in the United States to examine whether public opinion moves in response to social movement events. Using an error correction model, we demonstrate that social movement events have a significant effect on gender attitudes. Citizens adopt more liberal gender attitudes as the U.S. women’s movement increases its activity. These results suggest that social movement scholars should be paying more attention to public opinion when assessing the outcomes of social movements. | 10980 | Nov 30, 2024 6:22 PM | |||||||||
Banner, Francine | 2006 | Uncivil Wars: 'Suicide Bomber Identity' as a Product of Russo-Chechen Conflict | Article | Religion, State & Society | 34 | 3 | 215-253 | 10244 | Oct 3, 2025 2:04 PM | ||||||||||
Bański, Jerzy and Ferenc, Mariola | 2013 | “International” or “Anglo-American” journals of geography? | Article | Geoforum | 45 | 285-295 | Many scholars question the purportedly international character of the most prestigious journals of geography, particularly those concerned with human geography. These, in their opinion, are dominated by British and American geography. The goal of this article is to assess the affiliation distribution of the authors of articles and the editorial boards of selected geographical publications and to compare the results with previous assessments of a similar kind. The analysis pertains to those geographical journals that received the highest impact rating from the Institute for Scientific Information. The results confirm those obtained by previous studies; over 70% of all articles published in highly respected geographical journals were written by authors representing British and American academic institutions. This trend carries over to the structure of the respective publications’ editorial boards and staff, also Anglo-American in their majority. It would appear, as is argued, that maintaining such a structure creates numerous threats to the development of a global discourse in the area of geography. | 11846 | Dec 10, 2024 2:53 PM | ||||||||||
Barabanov, Ilya and Denis Korotkov | 2024 | Nash biznes — smert: polnaya istoriya ChVK Vagner i ee osnovatelya Yevgeniya Prigozhina [Our business is death: The full history of Wagner PMC and its founder Yevgeniy Prigozhin] | Book | Riga: Meduza | 86ecfed8-d7fd-4296-b426-b9fe151f9c04 | Oct 3, 2025 2:32 PM | |||||||||||||
Barabási, Albert-Laszlo | 2002 | Linked: The New Science of Networks, Cambridge, Massachusetts: Perseus. | 11556 | Feb 11, 2025 9:02 AM | |||||||||||||||
Baran, Emily B. | 2019 | From Sectarians to Extremists: The Language of Marginalization in Soviet and Post-Soviet Society | Article | The Soviet and Post-Soviet Review | This article examines the history of marginalizing rhetoric in Russia as applied to evangelizing faiths, particularly the Jehovah’s Witnesses, from the postwar period to the present day. Such churches have been portrayed as presenting a distinct threat to Russian society, even as the cited reasons for this perceived danger have shifted over time. While obviously connected to legal definitions of toleration, the language of religious (in)tolerance existed apart from state policy. Moreover, public rhetoric frequently adopted a hostile tone toward evangelizing churches regardless of their legal status. Seen from this perspective, the recent “extremism” label is part of a broader history of sustained marginalization of evangelizing faiths in modern Russia. The article argues that Russian media has not fully embraced the rhetoric of “extremism” as applied to evangelizing communities, but has also done little to challenge the underlying state policy it represents. | 11734 | Dec 3, 2024 4:12 PM | ||||||||||||
Baran, Emily B. and Knox, Zoe | 2019 | The 2002 Russian Anti-Extremism Law: An Introduction | Article | The Soviet and Post-Soviet Review | This introduction offers an overview of the 2002 Russian anti-extremism law and a summary of the contributions by individual authors to this special journal issue. The authors detail the significant impact of the law, particularly for religious minorities. They note that the authors approach the law from different angles, ranging from the evolving rhetoric of extremism in Russia and the law’s application to particular religious minority cases to the censorship of the online world and the politicized and partisan nature of the Russian legal system. In doing so, they draw out the contradictions, inconsistencies, and arbitrariness of the law's application and some unexpected continuities with earlier historical periods. Overall, they conclude that the anti-extremism law represents a serious impediment to democracy, human rights, and the rule of law in contemporary Russia. | 11733 | Dec 3, 2024 4:12 PM | ||||||||||||
Baran, Zeyno, S. Frederick Starr and Svante Cornell | 2006 | Islamic Radicalism in Central Asia and the Caucasus: Implications for the EU | Grey literature | Silk Road Paper, Washington, D.C.: Central Asia-Caucasus Institute | https://www.files.ethz.ch/isn/30281/14_Islam_Radicalisim_Central_Asia.pdf | 10245 | Oct 3, 2025 2:04 PM | ||||||||||||
Baran, Z., Starr, S. and Cornell, Svante | 2006 | ‘Islamic Radicalism in Central Asia and the Caucasus: Implications for the EU,’ Silk Road Paper, Washington, D.C.: Central Asia-Caucasus Institute. | 11215 | Nov 30, 2024 6:18 PM | |||||||||||||||
Baranec, Tomas | 2014 | Russian Cossacks in the Service of the Kremlin: Recent Developments and Lessons from Ukraine | Grey literature | Russian Analytical Digest | 153 | 11051 | Dec 3, 2024 4:11 PM | ||||||||||||
Baranec, Tomas | 2014 | Russian Cossacks in the Service of the Kremlin: Recent Developments and Lessons from Ukraine | Grey literature | Russian Analytical Digest | 153 | https://css.ethz.ch/content/dam/ethz/special-interest/gess/cis/center-for-securities-studies/pdfs/RAD-153-9-12.pdf | 11051 | Dec 3, 2024 4:08 PM | |||||||||||
Baranovsky, Vladimir | 2000 | The Kosovo factor in Russia’s foreign policy | Article | International Spectator | 35 | 2 | 11206 | Sep 8, 2024 10:12 AM | |||||||||||
Barany, Zoltan | 2005 | Defence reform Russian style: obstacles, options, opposition | Article | Contemporary Politics | 11 | 1 | 33-51 | 11197 | Sep 8, 2024 10:12 AM | ||||||||||
Barbashin, Maxim U. | 2008 | Informal Power Structures in Russia and Ethno-Political Conflict in the Northern Caucasus | Book chapter | In Moshe Gammer (ed.), Ethno-Nationalism, Islam and the State in the Caucasus: Post-Soviet Disorder. London: Routledge | It is quite clear that the interethnic tensions and conflicts in the Northern Caucasus have continued into the twenty-first century. Any attempt to resolve the lingering crisis in the region is complicated by the economic and social difficulties characteristic of the transitional period, by the cultural particularities of the region, by the protracted ethno-political conflicts and also by the lack of clear conceptual views on the current events among the ruling elites and scholars of the region. | 10317 | Oct 3, 2025 2:04 PM | ||||||||||||
Barelle, K. | 2015 | ‘Pro-Integration: Disengagement From and Life After Extremism,’ Behavioral Sciences of Terrorism and Political Aggression, 7:2, pp. 129-142. | 11520 | Nov 30, 2024 6:23 PM | |||||||||||||||
Barkindo, Atta and Bryans, Shane | 2016 | De-Radicalising Prisoners in Nigeria: Developing a Basic Prison Based De-Radicalisation Programme | Article | Journal for Deradicalization | 7 | 1-25 | The Nigerian Counter Terrorism Strategy recognised that force alone was not enough to combat violent extremist elements in Nigeria and that a multi-faceted approach was required to counter the threat of violent extremism. The Office of the National Security Advisor (ONSA) was tasked with developing an ambitious countering violent extremism (CVE) programme consisting of three elements: community-based counter radicalisation; strategic communications; and de-radicalisation. The de-radicalisation element of the CVE programme included establishing a prison based de-radicalisation programme for sentenced and pre-trial prisoners. The challenge facing ONSA and the Nigerian Prisons Service (NPS) in setting up the de-radicalisation programme was considerable. Prison conditions were basic; there were no existing offending behaviour programmes on which to build; risk assessment was rudimentary and focussed on escape risk; awareness among staff at all levels of de-radicalisation programmes, their content and how they should be managed, was minimal; specialist staff were in short supply and had no training in running interventions; and resources, both physical and financial, were limited. This paper sets out how ONSA and NPS went about establishing the de-radicalisation programme and describes key elements of that programme, including: creating a supportive operating environment; risk and needs assessment; types of intervention; and programme management and staffing. It highlights the challenges and lessons that can be drawn from the operation of the programme during its first 18 months, which will be of particular interest to low resource, post-conflict and fragile states that are seeking to establish their own basic de-radicalisation programmes. | 10053 | Nov 30, 2024 6:23 PM | ||||||||||
Barkindo, Atta and Bryans, Shane | 2016 | De-Radicalising Prisoners in Nigeria: Developing a Basic Prison Based De-Radicalisation Programme | Article | Journal for Deradicalization | 7 | 1-25 | The Nigerian Counter Terrorism Strategy recognised that force alone was not enough to combat violent extremist elements in Nigeria and that a multi-faceted approach was required to counter the threat of violent extremism. The Office of the National Security Advisor (ONSA) was tasked with developing an ambitious countering violent extremism (CVE) programme consisting of three elements: community-based counter radicalisation; strategic communications; and de-radicalisation. The de-radicalisation element of the CVE programme included establishing a prison based de-radicalisation programme for sentenced and pre-trial prisoners. The challenge facing ONSA and the Nigerian Prisons Service (NPS) in setting up the de-radicalisation programme was considerable. Prison conditions were basic; there were no existing offending behaviour programmes on which to build; risk assessment was rudimentary and focussed on escape risk; awareness among staff at all levels of de-radicalisation programmes, their content and how they should be managed, was minimal; specialist staff were in short supply and had no training in running interventions; and resources, both physical and financial, were limited. This paper sets out how ONSA and NPS went about establishing the de-radicalisation programme and describes key elements of that programme, including: creating a supportive operating environment; risk and needs assessment; types of intervention; and programme management and staffing. It highlights the challenges and lessons that can be drawn from the operation of the programme during its first 18 months, which will be of particular interest to low resource, post-conflict and fragile states that are seeking to establish their own basic de-radicalisation programmes. | 10053 | Nov 30, 2024 6:22 PM | ||||||||||
Barkindo, Atta and Bryans, Shane | 2016 | De-Radicalising Prisoners in Nigeria: Developing a Basic Prison Based De-Radicalisation Programme | Article | Journal for Deradicalization | 7 | 1-25 | The Nigerian Counter Terrorism Strategy recognised that force alone was not enough to combat violent extremist elements in Nigeria and that a multi-faceted approach was required to counter the threat of violent extremism. The Office of the National Security Advisor (ONSA) was tasked with developing an ambitious countering violent extremism (CVE) programme consisting of three elements: community-based counter radicalisation; strategic communications; and de-radicalisation. The de-radicalisation element of the CVE programme included establishing a prison based de-radicalisation programme for sentenced and pre-trial prisoners. The challenge facing ONSA and the Nigerian Prisons Service (NPS) in setting up the de-radicalisation programme was considerable. Prison conditions were basic; there were no existing offending behaviour programmes on which to build; risk assessment was rudimentary and focussed on escape risk; awareness among staff at all levels of de-radicalisation programmes, their content and how they should be managed, was minimal; specialist staff were in short supply and had no training in running interventions; and resources, both physical and financial, were limited. This paper sets out how ONSA and NPS went about establishing the de-radicalisation programme and describes key elements of that programme, including: creating a supportive operating environment; risk and needs assessment; types of intervention; and programme management and staffing. It highlights the challenges and lessons that can be drawn from the operation of the programme during its first 18 months, which will be of particular interest to low resource, post-conflict and fragile states that are seeking to establish their own basic de-radicalisation programmes. | 10053 | Dec 10, 2024 3:11 PM | ||||||||||
Barnes, S.H. | 1966 | Ideology and the Organization of Conflict: On the Relationship Between Political Thought and Behavior | Article | The Journal of Politics | 28 | 3 | 513-530 | 10901 | Dec 10, 2024 3:11 PM | ||||||||||
Bartlett, Jamie and Miller, Carl | 2012 | The Edge of Violence: Towards Telling the Difference Between Violent and Non-Violent Radicalization | Article | Terrorism and Political Violence | 24 | 1-21 | 10713 | Dec 10, 2024 3:11 PM | |||||||||||
Basnukaev, Musa | 2014 | Reconstruction in Chechnya: At the Intersection Between Politics and the Economy | Book chapter | In Anne Le Huérou, Aude Merlin, Amandine Regamey and Elisabeth Sieca-Kozlowski (eds.), Chechnya at War and Beyond. London: Routledge | 76-89 | 10566 | Oct 3, 2025 2:04 PM | ||||||||||||
Bateman, Jon | 2022 | Russia’s Wartime Cyber Operations in Ukraine: Military Impacts, Influences, and Implications | Grey literature | Carnegie | https://carnegieendowment.org/2022/12/16/russia-s-wartime-cyber-operations-in-ukraine-military-impacts-influences-and-implications-pub-88657 | 11789 | Apr 2, 2025 1:05 PM | ||||||||||||
Bax, Pauline | 2021 | Russia’s Influence in the Central African Republic | Grey literature | https://www.crisisgroup.org/africa/central-africa/central-african-republic/russias-influence-central-african-republic | 11046 | Dec 3, 2024 4:06 PM | |||||||||||||
Bayat, Asef | 2005 | , “Islamism and Social Movement Theory,” Third World Quarterly, 26:6, pp891-908. | 11270 | Dec 10, 2024 3:11 PM | |||||||||||||||
Baysayev, U., Orlov, O., Cherkasov, A. and Estemirova, N. | 2000 | Zachistka: Poselok Novyye Aldy, 5 February 2000 g., -- prednamerennyye prestupleniya protiv mirnogo naseleniya [Zachistka: The settlement of Novyye Aldy, 5 February 2009: Premeditated crimes against civilians] | Grey literature | Moscow: Memorial | https://memohrc.org/ru/reports/zachistka-poselok-novye-aldy-5-fevralya-2000g | 10102 | Oct 3, 2025 2:04 PM | ||||||||||||
Bazzell, Michael | 2022 | Open Source Intelligence Techniques: Resources for Searching and Analyzing Online Information | Book | Ninth Edition | 11227 | Dec 10, 2024 3:56 PM | |||||||||||||
Bearman, Peter S. | 1993 | Relations Into Rhetorics: Local Elite Social Structure in Norfolk, England: 1540-1640, New Brunswick, New Jersey: Rutgers University Press. | 11557 | Feb 11, 2025 9:02 AM | |||||||||||||||
Beck, Colin J. | 2008 | , “The Contribution of Social Movement Theory to Understanding Terrorism,” Sociology Compass, 2:5, pp1565-1581. | 11271 | Dec 10, 2024 3:11 PM | |||||||||||||||
Becker, M. | 2017 | Why violence abates: Imposed and elective declines in terrorist attacks | Article | Terrorism and Political Violence | 10959 | Nov 30, 2024 6:22 PM | |||||||||||||
Beinin, J. and Vairel, F. | 2011 | “Social Movements, Mobilization, and Contestation in the Middle East and North Africa,” Stanford (CA): Stanford University Press. | 11272 | Dec 10, 2024 3:11 PM | |||||||||||||||
Beissinger, Mark R. | 2002 | Nationalist Mobilisation and the Collapse of the Soviet State | Book | Cambridge: Cambridge University Press | 10134 | Oct 3, 2025 2:04 PM | |||||||||||||
Béland, Daniel | 2009 | Ideas, institutions, and policy change | Article | Journal of European Public Policy | 16 | 5 | 701-718 | Seeking to amend historical institutionalism, this article draws on the political science literature on ideas and the sociological literature on framing to discuss three ways in which ideational processes impact policy change. First, such processes help to construct the problems and issues that enter the policy agenda. Second, ideational processes shape the assumptions that affect the content of reform proposals. Third, these processes can become discursive weapons that participate in the construction of reform imperatives. Overall, ideational processes impact the ways policy actors perceive their interests and the environment in which they mobilize. Yet, such processes are not the only catalyst of policy change, and institutional constraints impact the politics of ideas and policy change. This claim is further articulated in the final section, which shows how national institutions and repertoires remain central to the politics of policy change despite the undeniable role of transnational actors and processes, which interact with such institutions and repertoires. | 10984 | Nov 30, 2024 6:22 PM | |||||||||
Belin, Laura | 2002 | Russian Media Policy in the First and Second Chechen Campaigns | Grey literature | paper given to the 52nd conference of the Political Studies Association Aberdeen, Scotland, 5-8 April 2002, | http://www.infoamerica.org/documentos_pdf/rusia.pdf | 10135 | Oct 3, 2025 2:04 PM | ||||||||||||
Bell, James Stanislaus | 1840 | Journal of a Residence in Circassia During the Years 1837, 1838, and 1839 (Volume I) | Book | London: E Moxon | 10064 | Oct 3, 2025 2:04 PM | |||||||||||||
Bell, James Stanislaus | 1840 | Journal of a Residence in Circassia During the Years 1837, 1838, and 1839 (Volume II) | Book | London: E Moxon | 10065 | Oct 3, 2025 2:04 PM | |||||||||||||
Bellingcat | 2020 | Putin Chef's Kisses of Death: Russia's Shadow Army's State-Run Structure Exposed | Grey literature | https://www.bellingcat.com/news/uk-and-europe/2020/08/14/pmc-structure-exposed/ | 11800 | Dec 3, 2024 4:07 PM | |||||||||||||
Belokurova, Elena | 2010 | Civil Society Discourses in Russia: The Influence of the European Union and the Role of EU–Russia Cooperation | Article | Journal of European Integration | 32 | 5 | 457-474 | This article focuses on the development of Russian discourses of civil society in academic and political contexts since 1991. In this discussion, the influence of changing Russian discourses and understandings of state–society relationships on the development of voluntary organizations (civil society organizations or CSOs) will be analysed. As this article demonstrates, the direct influence of the European Union and other international actors on Russian civil society has waned with the strengthening of Russian policies of nation-building and consolidation but remains a powerful background force. However, this study also provides evidence for more subtle forms of ‘Europeanization’ of civil society agendas, primarily through, but not limited to, pragmatic cooperation with EU partners. The most important area where this has taken place is in the definition of social agendas which have been neglected in Russia’s post-Soviet transformation. | 10433 | Dec 11, 2024 2:40 PM | |||||||||
Belokurova, Elena | 2010 | Civil Society Discourses in Russia: The Influence of the European Union and the Role of EU–Russia Cooperation | Journal of European Integration, 32:5, pp. 457-474. | This article focuses on the development of Russian discourses of civil society in academic and political contexts since 1991. In this discussion, the influence of changing Russian discourses and understandings of state–society relationships on the development of voluntary organizations (civil society organizations or CSOs) will be analysed. As this article demonstrates, the direct influence of the European Union and other international actors on Russian civil society has waned with the strengthening of Russian policies of nation-building and consolidation but remains a powerful background force. However, this study also provides evidence for more subtle forms of ‘Europeanization’ of civil society agendas, primarily through, but not limited to, pragmatic cooperation with EU partners. The most important area where this has taken place is in the definition of social agendas which have been neglected in Russia’s post-Soviet transformation. | 10433 | Dec 10, 2024 3:11 PM | |||||||||||||
Belton, Catherine | 2020 | Putin’s People: How The KGB Took Back Russia and Then Took On the West | Book | New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux. | Apr 16, 2025 6:22 PM | ||||||||||||||
Benford, Robert D. | 1997 | , “An Insider’s Critique of the Social Movement Framing Perspective,” Sociological Inquiry, 67:4, pp409-430. | 11273 | Dec 10, 2024 3:11 PM | |||||||||||||||
Benford, Robert D. and Snow, David A. | 2000 | , “Framing Processes and Social Movements: An Overview and Assessment,” Annual Review of Sociology, 26, pp611-639. | 11274 | Dec 10, 2024 3:11 PM | |||||||||||||||
Bennett, Gordon | 2000 | The Federal Border Guard Service | Grey literature | Conflict Studies Research Centre | C107 | Apr 2, 2025 2:21 PM | |||||||||||||
Bennett, Gordon | 2000 | The SVR: Russia’s Intelligence Service | Grey literature | Conflict Studies Research Centre | C103 | Apr 2, 2025 2:19 PM | |||||||||||||
Bennett, Gordon | 2000 | The Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation | Grey literature | Conflict Studies Research Centre | C102 | Apr 2, 2025 2:19 PM | |||||||||||||
Bennett, Gordon | 2000 | The Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation | Grey literature | Conflict Studies Research Centre | C106 | Apr 2, 2025 2:17 PM | |||||||||||||
Bennett, Vanora | 2001 | Crying Wolf: The Return of War to Chechnya | Book | London: Pan Books | 10116 | Oct 3, 2025 2:04 PM | |||||||||||||
Bennigsen, Alexandre and Wimbush, S. Enders | 1985 | Mystics and Commissars: Sufism in the Soviet Union | Book | Berkeley: University of California Press | 10071 | Oct 3, 2025 2:04 PM | |||||||||||||
Bennigsen Broxur, Marie | 1996 | The North Caucasus Barrier: The Russian Advance Towards the Muslim World | Book | London: Hurst & Company | 10078 | Oct 3, 2025 2:05 PM | |||||||||||||
Berg, Eiki and Vits, Kristel | 2018 | Quest for Survival and Recognition: Insights into the Foreign Policy Endeavours of the Post-Soviet de facto States | Article | Ethnopolitics | 17 | 4 | 390-407 | There is lack of proper accounts of the foreign policy practices of de facto state authorities. There is no common understanding for whether de facto states have their own agency, or if these fledgling states are used as pawns within the context of wider strategic manoeuvring. This work proceeds from the assumption that de facto states are ‘states’ which, above all, seek to secure their physical survival, as well as to gain the status of legal subjectivity. For de facto states that depend on the effects of ‘smallness’; patron–client relations; and the opportunities provided by the engagement without recognition policy framework, this should ideally be the backbone of their foreign policy strategies. This comparative study on post-Soviet de facto states reveals that there are more opportunities to conduct an independent foreign policy than de facto states are able and willing to utilize. Once these entities have ensured their survival, this study demonstrates that the next steps towards gaining additional recognition might be perceived as no longer necessary. | 11768 | Dec 10, 2024 2:52 PM | |||||||||
Berg, Eiki and Yüksel, Ïzzet Yalin | 2022 | Holding Back or Pushing Forward? Patron-Client Relations and Elite Navigations in Northern Cyprus | Article | Ethnopolitics | https://doi.org/10.1080/17449057.2022.2094067 | This paper focuses on the patron-client relationship (PCR) between Turkey and Northern Cyprus. The PCR becomes visible in asymmetrically configured reciprocal exchanges that create dependence on patron states. These exchanges may motivate de facto states to defy, dictate, or demand patronage from their patron states, depending on their ontological insecurities, which are expressed both by the public in general and by the political elite in particular. The paper investigates the elite navigations that occur when de facto authorities prioritize local political interests to compensate for the failure of self-realization stemming from non-recognition or when they seek to mitigate external dominance. | 11742 | Dec 10, 2024 2:52 PM | |||||||||||
Berger, J.M. | 2006 | The Benevolence International Foundation Sourcebook | Grey literature | http://intelwire.egoplex.com/bif-introcontents.pdf | 10246 | Oct 3, 2025 2:05 PM | |||||||||||||
Bergmann, Max, Maria Snegovaya, Tina Dolbaia and Nick Fention | 2023 | Out of Stock? Assessing the Impact of Sanctions on Russia’s Defense Industry | Grey literature | Center for Strategic & International Studies | Bergmann_et_al_2023_Out_of_Stock.pdf | c80737cf-3a2e-4bb7-93c9-6c564e309e56 | Dec 10, 2024 3:56 PM | ||||||||||||
Berman, Eli, and Laitin, David | 2006 | Hard Targets: Theory and Evidence on Suicide Attacks, Washington, DC: National Bureau of Economic Research, no. w11740. | 11275 | Dec 10, 2024 3:11 PM | |||||||||||||||
Berman, Eli, and Laitin, David | 2008 | ‘Religion, Terrorism and Public Goods: Testing the Club Model,’ Journal of Public Economics, 92:10-11, pp. 1942-67. | 11276 | Dec 10, 2024 3:11 PM | |||||||||||||||
Berrebi, C. and Klor, E.F. | 2006 | On Terrorism and Electoral Outcomes: Theory and Evidence From the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict | Article | Journal of Conflict Resolution | 50 | 899-925 | 10967 | Nov 30, 2024 6:22 PM | |||||||||||
Best, Clive | 2011 | Challenges in Open Source Intelligence | Article | 2011 European Intelligence and Security Informatics Conference | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?arnumber=6061192&casa_token=3CJI2mPw3-4AAAAA:TbARLjQ2tlo5F0XygFWooeOMm8jlvCXG_nBeLsjFM9m8SavtBuaYYPnNqnsZC4SdZ6cZVAAbizNIFQ8&tag=1 | A host of tools and techniques are now available for data mining on the Internet. The explosion in social media usage and people reporting brings a new range of problems related to trust and credibility. Traditional media monitoring systems have now reached such sophistication that real time situation monitoring is possible. The challenge though is deciding what reports to believe, how to index them and how to process the data. Vested interests allow groups to exploit both social media and traditional media reports for propaganda purposes. The importance of collecting reports from all sides in a conflict and of balancing claims and counter-claims becomes more important as ease of publishing increases. Today the challenge is no longer accessing open source information but in the tagging, indexing, archiving and analysis of the information. This requires the development of general-purpose and domain specific knowledge bases. Intelligence tools are needed which allow an analyst to rapidly access relevant data covering an evolving situation, ranking sources covering both facts and opinions. | 11705 | Dec 3, 2024 4:02 PM | |||||||||||
Betancourt, Theresa S. | 2012 | Connectedness, Social Support and Internalising Emotional and Behavioural Problems in Adolescents Displaced by the Chechen Conflict | Article | Disasters | 36 | 4 | 635-655 | 10477 | Oct 3, 2025 2:05 PM | ||||||||||
Bilgin, Pinar | 2008 | Thinking past “Western” IR? | Article | Third World Quarterly | 29 | 1 | 5-23 | The laudable attempts at thinking past ‘Western’ IR should not limit their task to looking beyond the spatial confines of the ‘West’ in search for insight understood as ‘difference’, but also ask awkward questions about the ‘Westernness’ of ostensibly ‘Western’ approaches to world politics and the ‘non-Westernness’ of others. For there may be elements of ‘non-Western’ experiences and ideas built in to ‘Western’ ways of thinking about and doing world politics. The reverse may also be true. What we think of as ‘non-Western’ approaches to world politics may be suffused with ‘Western’ concepts and theories. Indeed, those who are interested in thinking past ‘Western’ IR should take an additional step and inquire into the evolution of the latter. While looking beyond the ‘West’ may not always involve discovering something that is radically ‘different’ from one’s own ways of thinking about and doing world politics, such seeming absence of ‘difference’ cannot be explained away through invoking assumptions of ‘teleological Westernisation’, but requires becoming curious about the effects of the historical relationship between the ‘West’ and the ‘non-West’ in the emergence of ways of thinking and doing that are—in Bhabha’s words—‘almost the same but not quite’. This article looks at three such instances (India’s search for nuclear power status, Turkey’s turn to secularism, and Asia’s integration into the liberal world order) in the attempt to illustrate how ‘mimicry’ may emerge as a way of ‘doing’ world politics in a seemingly ‘similar’ yet unexpectedly ‘different’ way. | 11847 | Dec 10, 2024 2:53 PM | |||||||||
Bilgin, Mert | 2011 | Energy security and Russia’s gas strategy: The symbiotic relationship between the state and firms | Article | Communist and Post-Communist Studies | 44 | 2 | 119-127 | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.postcomstud.2011.04.002 | The way how Russia ignores the EU’s quest for liberalization and sustains a control over markets and supplies is directly related to her use of gas as leverage. Russia’s strategy affects many European and non-European countries during all stages: demand, supply and transit. It is not, however, possible to generalize a common statement that the EU’s position is based on a policy of market liberalization while Russia pursues an opposing strategy of increased state control. Russian energy strategy leads markets in Europe; sets tone for energy supplies at homeland and abroad, benefiting from a variety of means. This article shows how a symbiotic relationship between the Russian state and Russian energy companies emerge from a structure in which trade, markets and international politics have been embedded within the state interests and firm behavior. It identifies the economic and geopolitical trends with regard to recent developments of Russia’s strategy. | 11964 | Dec 3, 2024 4:17 PM | ||||||||
Bilkova, Veronika, Cecilie Hellestveit and Elīna Šteinerte | 2023 | Report on violations and abuses of international humanitarian and human rights law, war crimes and crimes against humanity, related to the forcible transfer and/or deportation of Ukrainian children to the Russian Federation | Grey literature | Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights | Bilkova_Hellestveit_Steinerte_Forcible_Transfer_ of_Ukrainian_Children.pdf | 9955df28-ce32-486e-961e-cc89eaf31cab | Dec 10, 2024 3:56 PM | ||||||||||||
Billingsley, Dodge | 2013 | Fangs of the Lone Wolf: Chechen Tactics in the Russian-Chechen Wars 1994-2009 | Book | Solihull: Helion & Company Limited | 10524 | Oct 3, 2025 2:05 PM | |||||||||||||
Bin Hassan, Muhammad Haniff | 2006 | Key considerations in counterideological work against terrorist ideology | Article | Studies in Conflict & Terrorism | 29 | 6 | 531-558 | This study attempts to highlight the importance of counterideological work in combating terrorism and the key considerations in implementing it effectively. The study proposes one important approach for counterideology, suggests partners, and highlights pitfalls. It also addresses the link between grievances and counterideology, and the role of non-Muslims in counterideology. The study does not provide a comprehensive perspective on counterideological work but provides the framework within which counterideological work against Muslim terrorist groups may be flushed out. | 10044 | Nov 30, 2024 6:22 PM | |||||||||
Bindman, Eleanor | 2013 | Russia, Chechnya and Strasbourg: Russian Official and Press Discourse on the 'Chechen Cases' at the European Court of Human Rights | Article | Europe-Asia Studies | 65 | 10 | 1954-1977 | This article explores contemporary Russian official and media discourse on cases concerning human rights violations in Chechnya which have been heard at the European Court of Human Rights. By comparing and contrasting the discourses on the Court's rulings which have been reproduced by various government representatives and various Russian newspapers, the article aims to demonstrate that, while official discourse remains critical of the Court's work with regard to Chechnya, reporting of such cases provides certain media outlets with the opportunity to criticise the government for its perceived failings in relation to safeguarding Chechnya's civilian population from human rights abuses. | 10525 | Oct 3, 2025 2:05 PM | |||||||||
Bindman, Eleanor | 2015 | The State, Civil Society and Social Rights in Contemporary Russia | East European Politics | 31 | 3 | 342-360 | This article examines how socially oriented non-governmental organisations (SO NGOs) in Russia conceptualise the state’s role in guaranteeing social rights and negotiate relations with the state. It demonstrates that these organisations see the state as playing a key role in guaranteeing social rights. This facilitates a degree of agency in their relationship with the authorities, who are increasingly keen to use the experience SO NGOs provide for service delivery. This challenges the dominant view of compliant social NGOs which fully cooperate with the authorities and highlights the need for a more nuanced understanding of Russia’s state–civil society relations. | 10635 | Dec 3, 2024 4:12 PM | ||||||||||
Bishai, Linda, Stephanie Burchard and Sarah Daly | 2024 | Russia’s Selling, But Who’s Buying? Analyzing the Characteristics of PMC Clients in Africa | Grey literature | Small Wars Journal | https://smallwarsjournal.com/2024/11/14/russias-state-linked-private-military-companies-in-africa/ | Dec 3, 2024 4:05 PM | |||||||||||||
Bjelakovic, Nebojsa | 2008 | Russian Military Procurement: Putin's Impact on Decision-Making and Budgeting | Article | The Journal of Slavic Military Studies | 21 | 3 | 527-542 | https://doi.org/10.1080/13518040802313753 | This article discusses the central features of the evolving relationship between the defence industry and the state in Russia in light of the military procurement program for the 2007–2015 period. Given the extent of changes affecting the defence industrial sector, and the amount of extra-budgetary funding dedicated to military procurement, the Russian government's efforts seem primarily geared toward rejuvenating the defence industry, and only secondarily toward fulfilling the imminent needs of the armed forces. According to the author, if these efforts lead to an improved performance of the Russian defence industry, the Russian armed forces could be able to acquire significant numbers of advanced weaponry within the next 10 years. | 11951 | Apr 2, 2025 1:07 PM | ||||||||
Bjørgo, Tore | 2005 | ‘Introduction,’ in Bjørgo, Tore (ed., Root Causes of Terrorism: Myths, Realities and Ways Forward, Abingdon, Oxfordshire: Routledge, pp. 1-15. | 11277 | Dec 10, 2024 3:11 PM | |||||||||||||||
Bjorgo, Tore and Horgan, John | 2009 | Leaving Terrorism Behind: Individual and Collective Disengagement, London: Routledge. | 11521 | Nov 30, 2024 6:23 PM | |||||||||||||||
Blanch, Lesley | 2009 (1960) | The Sabres of Paradise: Conquest and Vengeance in the Caucasus | Book | London: Tauris Parke Paperbacks | 10362 | Oct 3, 2025 2:05 PM | |||||||||||||
Blandy, Charles W. | 1998 | Chechnya: A Beleaguered President | Grey literature | Conflict Studies Research Centre | 61 | https://www.globalsecurity.org/military/library/report/1998/ob61.htm | 10083 | Oct 3, 2025 2:05 PM | |||||||||||
Blandy, Charles W. | 2003 | Chechnya: Normalisation | Grey literature | Conflict Studies Research Centre | P40 | 10153 | Oct 3, 2025 2:05 PM | ||||||||||||
Blandy, Charles W. | 2004 | Chechnya: Centre of Unabated Instability and Conflict | Grey literature | http:// www.da.mod.uk/colleges/arag/document-listings/caucasus/ | 10182 | Oct 3, 2025 2:05 PM | |||||||||||||
Blandy, Charles W. | 2005 | North Caucasus: On the Brink of Far-Reaching Destabilisation | Grey literature | Conflict Studies Research Centre | 5 | 36 | 10205 | Oct 3, 2025 2:05 PM | |||||||||||
Blandy, Charles W. | 2006 | Chechnya: Continued Violence | Grey literature | Conflict Studies Research Paper | 6 | 54 | 10247 | Oct 3, 2025 2:05 PM | |||||||||||
Blank, Stephen | 2008 | Ivanov, Chemezov, and State Capture of the Russian Defense Sector | Article | Europe-Asia Studies | 55 | 1 | 49-60 | https://doi.org/10.2753/PPC1075-8216550105 | Russia’s defense economy is plunging headlong into regressive, neo-Stalinist, and ultimately destructive consolidating trends. | 11959 | Dec 3, 2024 4:17 PM | ||||||||
Blank, Stephen and Younkyoo Kim | 2016 | The North Caucasus: Russia's Other War | Article | The Journal of Slavic Military Studies | 29 | 2 | 185-202 | This essay examines Russia’s ongoing counterinsurgency war in the North Caucasus in the light of Russian historical strategies and some Western or comparative principles that pertain to such wars. We argue that Russia is failing to bring this war toward resolution and that it is already deforming the state structure and could engender even more negative consequences for the Russian state due to conditions under which it is being waged, including the impact of Moscow’s wars in Syria and Ukraine. | 10641 | Oct 3, 2025 2:05 PM | |||||||||
Bloom, Mia | 2007 | Dying To Kill: The Allure of Suicide Terror | Book | New York: Columbia University Press | 10276 | Oct 3, 2025 2:06 PM | |||||||||||||
Bloom, Mia | 2011 | Bombshell: The Many Faces of Women Terrorists | Book | London: Hurst & Company | 10441 | Oct 3, 2025 2:06 PM | |||||||||||||
Bobrovnikov, Vladimir | 2001 | Al-Azhar and Shari'a Courts in Twentieth Century Caucasus | Article | Middle Eastern Studies | 37 | 4 | 1-24 | 10117 | Oct 3, 2025 2:06 PM | ||||||||||
Bobrovnikov, Vladimir | 2001 | Islam na postsovetskom severnom Kavkaze (Dagestan): Mify i realy [Islam in the post-Soviet North Caucasus: Myths and reality] | Book chapter | In Aleksey Malashenko and Martha Brill Olcott (eds.), Islam na postsovetskom prostranstve: Vzglyad iznutri [Islam in the post-Soviet space: The view from inside] (Moscow: Carnegie Centre) | 10118 | Oct 3, 2025 2:06 PM | |||||||||||||
Bobrovnikov, Vladimir | 2002 | Musulmane Severnogo Kavkaza: Obychay, Pravo, Nasiliye [Muslims of the North Caucasus: Tradition, Law, Violence] | Book | Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura | 10136 | Oct 3, 2025 2:06 PM | |||||||||||||
Bobrovnikov, Vladimir and Akhmet Yarylkapov | 1999 | Wakhabity Severnogo Kavkaza [Wahhabis of the North Caucasus] | Book chapter | Islam na Territorii Byvshey Rossiyskoy Imperii, Entsiklopedicheskiy Slovar [Islam on the Territory of the Former Russian Empire: Encyclopaedic Dictionary] | 2 | 10089 | Oct 3, 2025 2:07 PM | ||||||||||||
Bodansky, Yossef | 1998 | The Mujahedin Factor | Grey literature | http://www.freeman.org/m_online/bodansky/chechnya.htm | 10084 | Oct 3, 2025 2:07 PM | |||||||||||||
Bodansky, Yossef | 2008 | Chechen Jihad: Al Qaeda's Training Ground and the Next Wave of Terror | Book | New York: HarperCollins Publishers. | 10318 | Oct 3, 2025 2:07 PM | |||||||||||||
Bonacich, Phillip | 1987 | ‘Power and Centrality: A Family of Measures,’ American Journal of Sociology, 92:5, pp. 1170-1182. | 11558 | Feb 11, 2025 9:02 AM | |||||||||||||||
Bonnefoy, Laurent | 2012 | Jihadi Violence in Yemen: Dealing With Local, Regional and International Contingencies | Book chapter | In Jeevan Deol and Zaheer Kazmi (Eds.). Contextualising Jihadi Thought. London, Hurst & Company | 243-258 | 10902 | Dec 10, 2024 3:36 PM | ||||||||||||
Bonnell, Victoria E. and Breslauer, George | 2002 | Soviet and Post-Soviet Area Studies | Article | In David Szanton (ed.). The Politics of Knowledge: Area Studies and the Disciplines. University of California International and Area Studies Digital Collection | http://repositories.cdlib.org/uciaspubs/editedvolumes/3/2 | 11848 | Dec 10, 2024 3:36 PM | ||||||||||||
Borgatti, Stephen P. | 2006 | ‘Identifying Sets of Key Players in a Social Network,’ Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory, 12, pp. 21-34. | 11559 | Feb 11, 2025 9:02 AM | |||||||||||||||
Borgatti, Stephen P. and Halgin, Daniel S. | 2011 | ‘Analyzing Affiliation Networks,’ in John Scott and Peter J. Carrington eds. The SAGE Handbook of Social Network Analysis, London: SAGE, pp. 417-433. | 11560 | Feb 11, 2025 9:02 AM | |||||||||||||||
Borgatti, Stephen P. and Lopez-Kidwell, Virginie | 2011 | “Network Theory” | Book chapter | In John Scott and Peter J. Carrington (eds.) The SAGE Handbook of Social Network Analysis. London: SAGE. | 40-54 | 11561 | Feb 11, 2025 9:17 AM | ||||||||||||
Borum, Randy and Fein, Robert | 2016 | The Psychology of Foreign Fighters | Article | Studies in Conflict & Terrorism | 40 | 3 | 248-266 | 11010 | Nov 30, 2024 6:24 PM | ||||||||||
Bottero, W., & Crossley, N. | 2011 | . Worlds, fields and networks: Becker, Bourdieu and the structures of social relations. Cultural Sociology, 51, 99-119. DOI: 10.1177/1749975510389726. Publication link: e8bba514-6573-4fa5-91d6-24c497e7633b | 11562 | Feb 11, 2025 9:02 AM | |||||||||||||||
Boudali, Lianne Kennedy | 2007 | , The GSPC: Newest Franchise in al-Qa’ida’s Global Jihad, West Point, NY: CTC. | 11278 | Dec 10, 2024 3:11 PM | |||||||||||||||
Bouhana, Noémie and Wikström, Per-Olof H. | 2011 | ‘Al-Qa’ida-Influenced Radicalisation: A Rapid Evidence Assessment Guided by Situational Action Theory,’ Home Office Occasional Paper 97. | 11522 | Nov 30, 2024 6:23 PM | |||||||||||||||
Bourdieu, Pierre | 1977 | Outline of a Theory of Practice. | 11279 | Dec 10, 2024 3:11 PM | |||||||||||||||
Bourdieu, Pierre | 1990 | The Logic of Practice. | 11280 | Dec 10, 2024 3:11 PM | |||||||||||||||
Exploiting the Prophet's Authority: How Islamic State Propaganda Uses Hadith Quotation to Assert Legitimacy | Sep 16, 2024 2:40 PM | ||||||||||||||||||
Bovdunov, Aleksandr L. | 2022 | Challenge of “Decolonisation” and Need for a Comprehensive Redefinition of Neocolonialism | Article | Vestnik RUDN | 22 | 4 | 645-658 | The need for “decolonisation” of the Second world and semi-periphery countries (in the terminology of world-systems analysis) is increasingly raised in practical policy as well as in academic publications. However, the very question of decolonisation as applied to countries that were the targets of European colonial expansion is fraught with both negative consequences in political practice and theoretical confusion. On the one hand, the discourse of “decolonisation” encourages separatist tendencies and leads to new conflicts. On the other hand, the notion of “colonialism” is becoming less rigorous: in this perspective, any territorial expansion by any state at any time in history can be described as colonialism. The notion of “colonialism” loses its specific historical meaning and hence turns from a scientific term into a propaganda cliché. Thus, the possibility to correctly comprehend the phenomenon of European colonialism as a concrete historical reality that determined the fate of the peoples of both Europe itself and other parts of the world in Modern times, the only “colonialism” that the peoples of the world have really faced for the last 500 years, disappears. Theoretical and practical, scientific and political aspects of the problem are closely linked. Within an expansive interpretation of “colonialism”, former colonial powers, moreover, states still possessing unequal dependencies, such as the USA, are able to accuse their geopolitical opponents of “colonialism” as they are multi-ethnic powers, formed as a result of long historical processes, where various practices of ethnic interaction have taken place. The very possibility of interpreting the practices of non-European powers (Russia, China, Iran, Ethiopia) as colonial is linked to the popular paradigm of “internal colonialism.” It has emerged as part of the post-colonial theory of international relations in European and American academic centres and by its very nature is an example of a deliberately biased approach that focuses on the most marginalised groups of “subalterns” but ignores major civilisational entities. The author points out the biases and shortcomings of this approach with concrete examples, reveals its philosophical premises and suggests using the findings of fundamental geopolitics, world-systems theory, philosophy of space and philosophy of culture to clarify the concept of “colonialism.” | 11880 | Dec 10, 2024 2:53 PM | |||||||||
Bowen, Andrew | 2021 | Russian Military Intelligence: Background and Issues for Congress | Grey literature | Congressional Research Service Report R46616 | Apr 16, 2025 6:21 PM | ||||||||||||||
Bowen, Andrew S. | 2023 | Russia’s Wagner Private Military Company (PMC) | Grey literature | Congressional Research Service | https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/IF/IF12344 | 11887 | Dec 3, 2024 4:07 PM | ||||||||||||
Bowles, Samuel and Polanía-Reyes, Sandra | 2012 | ‘Economic Incentives and Social Preferences: Substitutes or Complements?,’ Journal of Economic Literature, 50:2, pp. 368-425. | 11281 | Dec 10, 2024 3:11 PM | |||||||||||||||
Brachman, Jarret M. | 2009 | , Global Jihadism: Theory and Practice, London: Routledge. | 11282 | Dec 10, 2024 3:11 PM | |||||||||||||||
Braithwaite, Alex and Chu, Tiffany S. | 2017 | Civil Conflicts Abroad, Foreign Fighters, and Terrorism at Home | Article | Journal of Conflict Resolution | 10.1177/0022002717707304 | 11011 | Nov 30, 2024 6:24 PM | ||||||||||||
Bram, Chen | 1999 | Circassian Re-Emigration to the Caucasus | Book chapter | In Shalva Weil (ed.), Roots and Routes: Ethnicity and Migration in Global Perspective. Jerusalem: Magnes | 10090 | Oct 3, 2025 2:07 PM | |||||||||||||
Bram, Chen | 2008 | “Re-Islamisation” and Ethno-Nationalism: the Circassians (Adyghe) of the Northwestern Caucasus and Their Diaspora | Book chapter | In Moshe Gammer (ed.), Ethno-Nationalism, Islam and the State in the Caucasus: Post-Soviet Disorder. London: Routledge | 28-49 | This chapter discusses the penetration of Islam into the Northwestern Caucasus in the 1990s and the process of ‘re-Islamisation’ of the Circassian (Adyghe) people in this region. It focuses on the role of diaspora Circassians and Circassian ethno-nationalism in these developments.2 This case study seeks to illuminate aspects of the mutual relationship between Islam and ethno-nationalism, and to contribute to the discussions on the current dissemination of Islam. At the same time it hopes to contribute to the study of Islam in a region that, to date, has received little academic attention. | 10319 | Oct 3, 2025 2:07 PM | |||||||||||
Bram, Chen and Moshe Gammer | 2013 | Radical Islamism, Traditional Islam and Ethno-Nationalism in the Northern Caucasus | Article | Middle Eastern Studies | 49 | 2 | 296-337 | This study examines the interplay between Islam and collective identity and their position in potential conflicts by exploring the dynamics of Islam, ethno-nationalism and civic society within different parts of the Northern Caucasus. Historical and anthropological approaches are used for a comparative analysis of Daghestan and Chechnya in the east and of Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachai-Cherkesia in the west. The study demonstrates the importance of local context and historical background to the understanding of ethnicity, nationalism, civic identity and their interplay with Islam. The analysis highlights that the different history and socio-cultural characteristics of the different regions in question leads to different approaches to religion which contain a paradox. In Daghestan and Chechnya, Islam is well established and the authorities have to collaborate with different Islamic bodies in their struggle against ‘Wahhabism’. In Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachai-Cherkesia the ‘legitimate’ Islamic leaders – whether those representing the state or leaders of other Islamic movements – are powerless. While this represents the overall weak position of Islam in these areas, paradoxically it also opens options for radical Islamists to gain support, in the context of economic hardships, weakening of other sources of identification, and corruption. This process is generated and fostered by policies that limit ethno-nationalism and expand the struggle against radicalism to a struggle against religious activity in general. The Northern Caucasus has often been perceived as a major locus of radical Islam, and as a strategic rift in the ‘clash of civilizations’. This study claims that the significant rifts and conflicts are between different Islamic alternatives. Important variables crucial to this discussion highlighted by the case of the Northern Caucasus are ethnicity, nationalism, civic identity and their interplay with Islam. At the same time, this case also highlights that the potential of radicalism in Islamic societies is not the mere result of its own ‘characteristics’, but is also a product of policy towards Islamic societies by outside actors, in this case Russia. | 10526 | Oct 3, 2025 2:07 PM | |||||||||
Brams, Steven J., Mutlu, Hande, and Ramirez, Shawn Ling | 2006 | ‘Influence in Terrorist Networks: From Undirected to Directed Graphs,’ Studies in Conflict & Terrorism, 29:7, pp. 703-718. | 11563 | Feb 11, 2025 9:02 AM | |||||||||||||||
Brauer, Birgit | 2002 | Chechens and the Survival of Their Cultural Identity in Exile | Article | Journal of Genocide Research | 4 | 3 | 387-400 | 10137 | Oct 3, 2025 2:07 PM | ||||||||||
Brenner, David | 2017 | Authority in rebel groups: identity, recognition and the struggle over legitimacy. | Article | Contemporary Politics | 23 | 4 | 408-442 | 10871 | Dec 10, 2024 3:18 PM | ||||||||||
Brenner, David | 2017 | Authority in rebel groups: identity, recognition and the struggle over legitimacy. | Article | Contemporary Politics | 23 | 4 | 408-442 | https://doi.org/10.1080/13569775.2017.1324235 | This article asks how rebel leaders capture and lose legitimacy within their own movement. Analysing these complex and often uneasy relations between elites and grassroots of insurgency is important for understanding the success or failure of peace processes. This is because internal contestation over authority between rival rebel leaders can drive a movement’s external strategy. Based on ethnographic research on the Karen and Kachin rebellions in Myanmar and insights from Political Sociology, the article suggests that leadership authority is linked to social identification and the claim to recognition among insurgent grassroots. If rebel leaders manage to satisfy their grassroots’ claim to recognition, their insurgent orders are stable. Failing this, their authority erodes and is likely to be challenged. These findings contribute to understanding insurgency and peace negotiations in Myanmar and civil wars more generally by showing how struggles over legitimacy within rebel groups drive wider dynamics of war and peace. | 10871 | Dec 10, 2024 3:19 PM | ||||||||
Breuning, Marijke and Sanders, Kathryn | 2007 | Gender and Journal Authorship in Eight Prestigious Political Science Journals | Article | PS: Political Science and Politics | 40 | 2 | 347-351 | How well are women authors represented in the most-recognized journals in political science? To what degree does the presence of women authors mirror women's presence in the discipline? Although a few studies have sought to provide data on the presence of women authors in political science journals (Young 1995; Kelly et al. 1994), more recent work on the visibility of women in the discipline has focused on gender and authorship of edited volumes (Mathews and Andersen 2001), on the participation of women in the APSA annual meetings (e.g., Gruberg 2006; 2004), and on the status of women in the discipline (Sarkees and McGlen 1992; 1999; Committee on the Status of Women in the Profession 2001). All are useful endeavors. This paper analyzes the presence of women authors in six volume years (1999–2004) of eight prestigious political science journals—American Political Science Review (APSR), American Journal of Political Science (AJPS), Journal of Politics (JOP), World Politics (WP), International Organization (IO), Comparative Politics (CP), Comparative Political Studies (CPS), and International Studies Quarterly (ISQ) | 11849 | Dec 10, 2024 2:53 PM | |||||||||
Bright, David A, Hughes, Caitlin E. and Chalmers, Jenny | 2012 | ‘Illuminating Dark Networks: A Social Network Analysis of an Australian Drug Trafficking Syndicate,’ Crime, Law and Social Change, 57:2, pp. 151-176. | 11564 | Feb 11, 2025 9:02 AM | |||||||||||||||
Brooks, Robin and Ben Harris | 2025 | The race to sanction Russia’s growing shadow fleet | Grey literature | The Brookings Institution | https://www.brookings.edu/articles/the-race-to-sanction-russias-growing-shadow-fleet/ | Jun 10, 2025 2:14 PM | |||||||||||||
Brooks, Doug and Jim Shevlin | 2005 | Reconsidering Battlefield Contractors | Article | Georgetown Journal of International Affairs | 6 | 2 | 103-112 | 11025 | Dec 3, 2024 4:05 PM | ||||||||||
Bruusgaard, Kristin Ven | 2016 | Russian strategic deterrence | Article | Survival | 58 | 4 | 11208 | Sep 8, 2024 10:12 AM | |||||||||||
Bugajski, Janusz | 2014 | Conflict Zones: North Caucasus and Western Balkans Compared | Book | Washington D.C.: Jamestown Foundation | 10567 | Oct 3, 2025 2:07 PM | |||||||||||||
Bull, Benedicte | 2008 | ‘Policy Networks and Business Participation in Free Trade Negotiations in Chile,’ Journal of Latin American Studies, 40:2, pp. 195-224. | 11565 | Feb 11, 2025 9:02 AM | |||||||||||||||
Burds, J. | 2007 | The Soviet War Against 'Fifth Columnists': The Case of Chechnya, 1942-1944 | Article | Journal of Contemporary History | 42 | 2 | 267-314 | 10277 | Oct 3, 2025 2:07 PM | ||||||||||
Burke, Jason | 2007 | , Al-Qaeda: The True Story of Radical Islam, Third Edition, London: Penguin Books. | 11283 | Dec 10, 2024 3:11 PM | |||||||||||||||
Burkhardt, Fabian | 2021 | Institutionalising Authoritarian Presidencies: Polymorphous Power and Russia’s Presidential Administration | Article | Europe-Asia Studies | 73 | 3 | 472-504 | https://doi.org/10.1080/09668136.2020.1749566 | This article attempts to open up the ‘black box’ of the Russian Presidential Administration (‘the Kremlin’). Borrowing from the literature on institutional presidencies and institutional approaches to authoritarianism, I argue that the administration institutionalised over the years of study, 1994–2012. More stable and predictable procedures enhanced administrative presidential powers but personalism and non-compliance with presidential orders remained. Original data on budget, staff, units, organisational structure and presidential assignments demonstrate that presidential power ought to be conceptualised as a polymorphous phenomenon that varies depending on the level of analysis. Researchers should refrain from over-personalising accounts of authoritarian regimes at the expense of more structural, organisational elements such as ‘institutional presidencies’. | 11957 | Dec 3, 2024 4:17 PM | ||||||||
Burkhardt, Fabian | 2022 | The Fog of War and Power Dynamics in Russia’s Elite: Defections and Purges, or Simply Wishful Thinking? | Article | Russian Analytical Digest | 281 | https://css.ethz.ch/content/dam/ethz/special-interest/gess/cis/center-for-securities-studies/pdfs/RAD281.pdf | Russian_Analytical_Digest_281.pdf | 11950 | Dec 3, 2024 4:17 PM | ||||||||||
Burns, James MacGregor | 1978 | Leadership, Digital edition, New York: Open Road Integrated Media. | 11482 | Dec 10, 2024 3:18 PM | |||||||||||||||
Burstein, Paul | 1999 | Social Movements and Public Policy | Book chapter | In Marco Giugni, Doug McAdam and Charles Tilly (eds.). How Social Movements Matter. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press | 3-21 | 10964 | Dec 10, 2024 3:40 PM | ||||||||||||
Burstein, Alon | 2018 | Ideological Rigidity and Flexibility of Secular and Religious Terror Groups: The Case of the Palestine Liberation Organization and the Palestinian Hamas | Article | Studies in Conflict & Terrorism | 41 | 9 | 696-721 | 10903 | Dec 10, 2024 3:11 PM | ||||||||||
Burt, Ronald S. | 2005 | Brokerage and Closure: An Introduction to Social Capital, New York: Oxford University Press. | 11566 | Feb 11, 2025 9:02 AM | |||||||||||||||
The internal brakes on violent escalation: a typology | Sep 16, 2024 2:41 PM | ||||||||||||||||||
Bustanov, Alfrid K. | 2017 | The Language of Moderate Salafism in Eastern Tatarstan | Article | Islam and Christian-Muslim Relations | 28 | 2 | 183-201 | After the fall of the Soviet Union, Russian became the main linguistic vehicle of Islam in Russia. Muslims who still speak in their native languages (such as Tatar, Chechen and Daghestani) now have to face and compete with the powerful growth of ‘Islamic Russian’, a new sociolect of the Russian language, which is characterized by the integration of Islamic terminology, either in loanwords or with Russian substitutes. This article argues that differences in ideology do not predetermine the choice of the linguistic vehicles: a group of Salafis in Tatarstan – so far ignored in scholarship but very active in publishing – employs the Tatar language for its moderate fundamentalist rhetoric to a native audience, and translates its texts into Russian only as a second step, to reach an audience beyond the republic of Tatarstan. While it is usually taken for granted that Salafi ideology comes with an international appeal, these Tatar Salafis’ adherence to the native tongue can be explained by the national movement of the late 1980s and early 1990s. | 10662 | Dec 11, 2024 2:43 PM | |||||||||
Bustanov, Alfrid K. and Michael Kemper | 2013 | The Russian Orthodox and Islamic Languages in the Russian Federation | Article | Slavia Tergestina | 15 | 259-277 | What happens to the Russian language if it is used by Muslims? Bustanov and Kemper (2012) analyzed the use of Islamic terminology in a variety of texts by contemporary Muslim authors from several regions of the Russian Federation. This led them to the hypothesis that one can speak of a new ’Islamo-Russian’ sociolect which comprises several variants (Arabism, Russianism, Academism). These findings are now discussed through comparison with Irina V. Bugaeva‘s research on an Christian Russian Orthodox ‘religiolect’ of the Russian language. | 10558 | Dec 11, 2024 2:43 PM | ||||||||||
Byman, Daniel | 2014 | , “Buddies or Burdens? Understanding the Al Qaeda Relationship with Its Affiliate Organizations,” Security Studies, 23:3, pp431-470. | 11284 | Dec 10, 2024 3:11 PM | |||||||||||||||
Byman, Daniel | 2017 | How States Exploit Jihadist Foreign Fighters | Article | Studies in Conflict & Terrorism | 10.1080/1057610X.2017.1361281 | 11012 | Nov 30, 2024 6:24 PM | ||||||||||||
Byman, Daniel L. and Pollack, Kenneth M. | 2001 | ‘Let Us Now Praise Great Men: Bringing the Statesman Back In,’ International Security, 25:4, pp. 107-146. | 11483 | Dec 10, 2024 3:18 PM | |||||||||||||||
Byman, Daniel and Pollack, Kenneth | 2001 | Let us now praise Great Men: Bringing the statesmen back in | Article | International Security | 25 | 4 | 107-146 | 10872 | Dec 10, 2024 3:18 PM | ||||||||||
Caiazza, Amy | 2002 | Mothers and Soldiers: Gender, Citizenship, and Civil Society in Contemporary Russia | Book | New York: Routledge | As the Soviet communist regime gave way to democracy, the emergence of an entirely new political and social landscape had the potential to turn Russian society upside down. In Mothers and Soldiers: Organizing Men and Women in 1990s Russia, Amy Caiazza looks at the effects of this seismic change on gender roles, and specifically the role of women in a newly democratic Russia. By observing through a gendered lens institutions like the military, and the process of making public policy, Caiazza finds that despite the institutional disruption, the pattern of gender role ideologies maintained continuity from the former times while at the same time embracing aspects of Western feminism. | 10138 | Dec 11, 2024 2:43 PM | ||||||||||||
Cameron, Lindsey and Vincent Chetail | 2013 | Privatizing War: Private Military and Security Companies under Public International Law | Book | 11037 | Dec 3, 2024 4:08 PM | ||||||||||||||
Campana, Aurélie | 2006 | The Effects of War on the Chechen National Identity Construction | Article | National Identities | 8 | 2 | 129-148 | 10248 | Oct 6, 2025 9:42 AM | ||||||||||
Campana, Aurélie | 2009 | Collective Memory and Violence: The Use of Myths in the Chechen Separatist Ideology, 1991-1994 | Article | Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs | 29 | 1 | 43-56 | This paper deals with the political uses of freedom myths in the Chechen separatist ideology between 1991 and 1994. By adopting a constructionist perspective, it shows that these myths could have a pervasive role in a period of deep political crisis. It explores the way myths have been evolving over times. It particularly points out the role of collective memories of past tragic events in reshaping myths and their political significance. From that point onwards it analyses how myths have been included into political rhetoric. Chechen separatist leaders make a linear reading of Russo-Chechen relationships and put forward independence as a necessity. In so doing, the new self-proclaimed independent state represents, beyond political and economic arguments, a ‘guaranty for safety’. While the embryonic Chechen state was failing, separatist leaders borrowed from mythology to legitimize the Chechen state and raise the struggle for an independent state to the status of a right and just struggle. This paper demonstrates the strength that the narratives conveyed by myths could have in terms of constructing a common sense to past and present in a period of changes. | 10363 | Oct 6, 2025 9:43 AM |
